Hardware-in-the-loop control of glucose in diabetic patients based on nonlinear time-varying blood glucose model. (April 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rahmanian, Farnoosh; Dehghani, Maryam; Karimaghaee, Paknoosh; Mohammadi, Mohsen; Abolpour, Roozbeh
• Is Part Of: Biomedical signal processing and control. Volume 66(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-04
• Subjects: Diabetes -- The time-varying patient model -- Backstepping control -- Insulin control pattern -- Hardware-in-the-loop; Signal processing -- Periodicals; Biomedical engineering -- Periodicals; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted -- Periodicals; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted -- Periodicals; Biomedical Engineering -- Periodicals; 610.28
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2021.102467
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1746-8094

Abstract

Highlights: A time-varying model of Diabetic patients is considered which takes into account the effects of Stress, Exercise, Fatigue and Food intake. The technique developed for blood glucose control exploits the backstepping technique and assumes that the meal, snack and exercise levels are unknown. A sample insulin pump prototype is manufactured and the details of the design are given. Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) tests are performed to validate the insulin pump and the controller as an experimental study. The result of the HIL test is compared to in-silico simulation. The CVGA plot is presented by examining the controller performance for various virtual patients with different lifestyles. Abstract: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is identified as one of the most serious public health challenges which need engineering science to deal with and prevent complications. In this paper, a model of the glucose-insulin system for the virtual type 1 diabetic patient is controlled, which considers factors such as the physical and mental characteristics of the patient. The purpose of this paper is to consider a nonlinear time-varying model of diabetic patients which is affected by Exercise, stress, fatigue, meals, snacks, and sensitivity of insulin (SI) and design an appropriate controller based on the backstepping (BS) technique. In order to make the backstepping controller robust to uncertainties in reality, the level of food, snack, and exercise are considered as unknown continuous functions and the controller is designed such that it can cope with these uncertainties while the blood glucose level is regulated. To verify the performance of the designed controllers, a sample insulin pump is manufactured and the Hardware-In-The-Loop (HIL) experiment is carried out. The result of the HIL test is compared to the in-silico simulation which shows the success of the controller in regulating blood glucose level and preventing the patient from complications of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia.