The co-occurrence of nicotine and other substance use and addiction among youth and adults in the United States: implications for research, practice, and policy. (4th March 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Richter, Linda; Pugh, Brandie S.; Smith, Philip H.; Ball, Samuel A.
• Is Part Of: American journal of drug and alcohol abuse. Volume 43:Number 2(2017:Mar.)
• Page Start: 132
• Page End: 145
• Publication Date: 2017-03-04
• Subjects: Cigarettes -- co-occurrence -- electronic cigarettes -- nicotine -- substance use disorders -- tobacco; Drug abuse -- Treatment -- Periodicals; Alcoholism -- Treatment -- Periodicals; Substance-abuse -- Treatment -- Periodicals; Alcoholism -- Periodicals; Substance-Related Disorders -- Periodicals; 616.86
• DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2016.1193511
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0095-2990

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Background: The increasing popularity of non-cigarette nicotine products, especially among youth, highlights the need for greater attention to their potential risks, including nicotine addiction and other substance use and addiction. Objectives: To examine the extent to which nicotine product use co-occurs with other substance use and addiction among youth and adults, describe the demographic groups and types of nicotine products associated with an increased risk of such co-occurrence, and discuss implications for research, prevention, clinical practice, and policy. Methods: Analyzing 2014 data from two nationally representative US surveys, the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and the Monitoring the Future (MTF) study, we examined the co-occurrence between nicotine product use and alcohol and other drug use and addiction. Results: Individuals of all ages who reported using nicotine products of any kind were significantly more likely than nonusers to report alcohol, marijuana, other drug, and poly-substance use and to meet diagnostic criteria for a substance-use disorder. Users of multiple nicotine products generally were the most likely to engage in alcohol and other drug use and to be addicted to these other substances. Conclusions: The substantial co-occurrence of all forms of nicotine use and other substance use and addiction underscores the need to control the growing use of non-cigarette nicotine products among youth and to incorporate all forms of nicotine product use into substance use and addiction research, prevention, clinical practice, and policy efforts.