Metabolic and respiratory effects of theophylline in the preterm infant. Issue 1 (1st July 2000)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Carnielli, Virgilio P; Verlato, Giovanna; Benini, Franca; Rossi, Katia; Cavedagni, Monica; Filippone, Marco; Baraldi, Eugenio; Zacchello, Franco
• Is Part Of: Archives of disease in childhood. Volume 83:Issue 1(2000)
• Page Start: F39
• Page End: F43
• Publication Date: 2000-07-01
• Subjects: theophylline -- preterm infant -- calorimetry -- energy metabolism -- lung -- apnoea; Infants -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Newborn infants -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Fetus -- Diseases -- Periodicals; 618.920105
• DOI: 10.1136/fn.83.1.F39
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1359-2998

Abstract

Abstract : BACKGROUND: Methylxanthines are often administered to preterm infants for the treatment of apnoea. AIMS: To study the effects of theophylline on energy metabolism, physical activity, and lung mechanics in preterm infants. METHODS: Indirect calorimetry was performed for six hours before and after administration of a bolus of theophylline (5 mg/kg) in 18 preterm infants while physical activity was recorded with a video camera. Lung mechanics measurements were performed at baseline and 12 and 24 hours after theophylline treatment. RESULTS: Theophylline increased mean (SEM) energy expenditure by 15 (5) kJ/kg/day and augmented carbohydrate utilisation from 6.8 to 8.0 g/kg/day, but fat oxidation was unchanged. After theophylline treatment, preterm infants had faster respiration, lower transcutaneous CO2, and improved static respiratory compliance without increased physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: A bolus of 5 mg/kg theophylline increased energy expenditure independently of physical activity, increased carbohydrate utilisation, and improved respiratory compliance. The increased energy expenditure could be detrimental to the growth of the preterm infant.