Non-pathogenic grass carp reovirus infection leads to both apoptosis and autophagy in a grass carp cell line. Issue 127 (August 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Dai, Yanlin; Li, Yiqun; Lin, Ge; Zhang, Jingjing; Jiang, Nan; Liu, Wenzhi; Meng, Yan; Zhou, Yong; Fan, Yuding
• Is Part Of: Fish & shellfish immunology. Issue 127(2022)
• Page Start: 681
• Page End: 689
• Publication Date: 2022-08
• Subjects: Grass carp reovirus -- HH196 (GCRV-HH196) -- GCO cells -- Apoptosis -- Caspase -- Autophagy -- LC3; Fishes -- Immunology -- Periodicals; Shellfish -- Immunology -- Periodicals; Poissons -- Immunologie -- Périodiques; Crustacés -- Immunologie -- Périodiques; 571.9617
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.06.022
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1050-4648

Abstract

Abstract: A novel GCRV strain isolated from healthy grass carp was named as grass carp reovirus - HH196 (GCRV-HH196), and its infection mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the grass carp ovary cell line (GCO cells) was used to investigate the cell death involved in GCRV-HH196 infection. The results showed that DNA damage, cells volume reduction and cytoplasm shrinkage happened during GCRV-HH196 infection. The mRNA expression levels of pro-apoptotic genes were up-regulated during infection. Two initiators of apoptosis, caspase 8 and caspase 9, and the executioner of apoptosis, caspase 3, were all significantly activated in GCRV-HH196-infected cells. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the number of apoptotic cells in infected cells was significantly higher than that in control cells as the infection progress. Meanwhile, autophagy was also involved in the regulation of GCRV - HH196 infection. We observed that LC3 puncta existed in cytoplasm in GCRV-HH196-infected cells. Furthermore, the protein level of LC3-Ⅱ and Beclin-1 increased, while that of p-Akt decreased in GCRV-HH196-infected cells. These results demonstrated that GCRV-HH196 may regulate apoptosis and autophagy for the virus proliferation and spread, which set a foundation for further research on the interaction between GCRV-HH196 and host. Highlights: Grass carp reovirus-HH196 (GCRV-HH196) infection leads to typical apoptosis GCO cells. Caspases were activated during GCRV-HH196-induced apoptosis. Pro-apoptotic genes levels up-regulated during GCRV-HH196-induced apoptosis. LC3 protein shifted from diffuse distribution to punctate pattern in cytoplasmic upon infection. The protein level of LC3-Ⅱ and Beclin-1 increased, while that of p-Akt decreased during infection.