Molecular evolution and functional modification of plant miRNAs with CRISPR. (September 2022) - Deng, Fenglin
Abstract : Gene editing using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR/Cas) has revolutionized biotechnology and provides genetic tools for medicine and life sciences. However, the application of this technology to miRNAs, with the function as negative gene regulators, has not been extensively reviewed in plants. Here, we summarize the evolution, biogenesis, and structure of miRNAs, as well as their interactions with mRNAs and computational models for predicting target genes. In addition, we review current advances in CRISPR/Cas for functional analysis and for modulating miRNA genes in plants. Extending our knowledge of miRNAs and their manipulation with CRISPR will provide fundamental understanding of the functions of plant miRNAs and facilitate more sustainable and publicly acceptable genetic engineering of crops. Highlights: miRNAs are special regulators for plant growth and its adaption to environmental cues. The conserved biogenesis and structure of miRNAs, and their coevolution with their target genes, suggest their key roles in the evolution, adaptation, and diversification of green plants. Effective approaches for MIR gene editing mediated by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) are useful for fundamental plant biology research. The evolving CRISPR toolkit has great potential for crop improvement towards better yield, stress tolerance, and nutritional quality.