Extraction, purification, structural characteristics and biological properties of the polysaccharides from Codonopsis pilosula: A review. (1st June 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Luan, Fei; Ji, Yafei; Peng, Lixia; Liu, Qi; Cao, Haijuan; Yang, Yan; He, Xirui; Zeng, Nan
• Is Part Of: Carbohydrate polymers. Volume 261(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-06-01
• Subjects: ABTS 2, 2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenZthiazoline-6-sulphonate -- AST aspartate transaminase -- ALT alanine transaminase -- BUN blood urea nitrogen -- BW body weight -- BACE1 beta-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 -- CPPs C. pilosula polysaccharides -- CAT catalase -- Con A concanavalin A -- DPPH 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl -- ERK1/2 extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 -- eNOS endothelial nitric oxide synthase -- ET-1 endothelin-1 -- FBG fasting blood glucose -- FT-IR fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy -- GM-CSF granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor -- GSH-Px glutathione peroxidase -- GC gas chromatography -- GC–MS gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy -- HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance -- HPAEC-PAD high-performance anion-exchange chromatography coupled with pulsed amperometric detection -- HPLC high-performance liquid chromatography -- HPGFC high performance gel filtration chromatography -- HPGPC high-performance gel-permeation chromatography -- HDL high-density lipoprotein -- iNOS inducible nitric oxide synthase -- IL-1β/2/4/6/8/10/17A/17F/22 interleukin-1β/2/4/6/8/10/17A/17F/22 -- ICH50 50 % inhibition of hemolysis -- JNK C-Jun-Nterminal kinase -- LD50 half lethal dose -- LDH lactate dehydrogenase -- Ig G/G1/G2b immunoglobulin G/G1/G2b -- IFN-β/γ interferon-β/γ -- MALLS multi-angle laser-light scattering -- LPS lipopolysaccharide -- LDL low density lipoprotein -- MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase -- MMP mitochondrial membrane potential -- MDA malondialdehyde -- MALDI-TOF-MS Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time-of- flight-mass spectrometry -- NO nitric oxide -- NF-κB nuclear factor κB -- NMR nuclear magnetic resonance -- NQO1 quinine oxidoreductase-1 -- TLC thin layer chromatography -- TLR4 toll-like receptor 4 -- PP2A protein phosphatase-2A -- PHA phytohemagglutinin -- PI3P phosphatidylinositol-3- phosphate -- PI3K phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase -- QUICKI quantitative insulin sensitivity check index -- ROS reactive oxygen species -- RSM response surface methodology -- TEM Transmission electron microscope -- TMS trimethylsilane -- TCM traditional Chinese medicine -- TG triglyceride -- TC total cholesterol -- T-AOC total antioxidant capacity -- TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-α -- TGF-β transforming growth factor-β -- SEC size exclusion chromatography -- SEM scanning electron microscope -- SOD superoxide dismutase -- STZ streptozotocin -- SWE subcritical water extraction -- sIgA secretory immunoglobulin A -- UV-vis ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy; Codonopsis pilosula -- Polysaccharides -- Extraction -- Structural features -- Biological activities -- Toxicities; Polysaccharides -- Periodicals; Polysaccharides -- Periodicals; Polysaccharides -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 547.78
• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117863
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0144-8617

Abstract

Highlights: Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides (CPPs) are well-known nutraceutical food. Preparation methods and structural characteristics of CPPs are summarized. Multiple biofunction activities and action mechanisms of CPPs are highlighted. CPPs exhibit broad application prospects in pharmaceuticals and functional foods. Further investigations are required to accelerate a better understanding of CPPs. Abstract: Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf., as a well-known homology plant of medicine and food, has the function of replenishing the Qi, strengthening the spleen and tonifying the lung, nourishing the blood and engendering the liquid in traditional Chinese medicine. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the C. pilosula polysaccharides (CPPs) are one of the major and representative pharmacologically active macromolecules and present multiple biological activities both in vitro and in vivo methods, such as immunomodulatory, antitumor, antioxidant, neuroprotective, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-fatigue, hypoglycemic, anti-hypoxia, renoprotective, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, and prebiotic. The purpose of the present review is to provide comprehensively and systematically reorganized information in the extraction and purification, structure characterization, biological activities and the underlying mechanisms of action as well as toxicities of CPPs to support their therapeutic potentials and sanitarian functions. New valuable insights for the future researches regarding CPPs were also proposed in the fields of therapeutic agents and functional foods.