Impact of Aging and Exercise on Mitochondrial Quality Control in Skeletal Muscle. (1st June 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kim, Yuho; Triolo, Matthew; Hood, David A.
• Other Names: Malek Moh H. Academic Editor.
• Is Part Of: Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity. Volume 2017(2017)
• Publication Date: 2017-06-01
• Subjects: Oxidative stress -- Periodicals; Cells -- Aging -- Periodicals; Cells -- Aging; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress -- Periodicals; Cell Aging -- Periodicals; Periodicals; 611.0181
• DOI: 10.1155/2017/3165396
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1942-0900

Abstract

Abstract : Mitochondria are characterized by its pivotal roles in managing energy production, reactive oxygen species, and calcium, whose aging-related structural and functional deteriorations are observed in aging muscle. Although it is still unclear how aging alters mitochondrial quality and quantity in skeletal muscle, dysregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamic controls has been suggested as key players for that. In this paper, we summarize current understandings on how aging regulates muscle mitochondrial biogenesis, while focusing on transcriptional regulations including PGC-1 α, AMPK, p53, mtDNA, and Tfam. Further, we review current findings on the muscle mitochondrial dynamic systems in aging muscle: fusion/fission, autophagy/mitophagy, and protein import. Next, we also discuss how endurance and resistance exercises impact on the mitochondrial quality controls in aging muscle, suggesting possible effective exercise strategies to improve/maintain mitochondrial health.