Vaccarin administration ameliorates hypertension and cardiovascular remodeling in renovascular hypertensive rats. Issue 1 (23rd August 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhu, Xuexue; Zhou, Zhou; Zhang, Qingfeng; Cai, Weiwei; Zhou, Yuetao; Sun, Haijian; Qiu, Liying
• Is Part Of: Journal of cellular biochemistry. Volume 119:Issue 1(2018)
• Page Start: 926
• Page End: 937
• Publication Date: 2017-08-23
• Subjects: 1‐clip -- 2‐kidney -- angiotensin -- cardiovascular remodeling -- hypertension; Cytochemistry -- Periodicals; 572
• DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26258
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0730-2312

Abstract

Abstract: Sympathetic overdrive, activation of renin angiotensin systems (RAS), and oxidative stress are vitally involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension and cardiovascular remodeling. We recently identified that vaccarin protected endothelial cell function from oxidative stress or high glucose. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether vaccarin attenuated hypertension and cardiovascular remodeling. Two‐kidney one‐clip (2K1C) model rats were used, and low dose of vaccarin (10 mg/kg), high dose of vaccarin (30 mg/kg), captopril (30 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally administrated. Herein, we showed that 2K1C rats exhibited higher systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), left ventricular mass/body weight ratio, myocardial hypertrophy or fibrosis, media thickness, and media thickness to lumen diameter, which were obviously alleviated by vaccarin and captopril. In addition, both vaccarin and captopril abrogated the increased plasma renin, angiotensin II (Ang II), norepinephrine (NE), and the basal sympathetic activity. The AT1R protein expressions, NADPH oxidase subunit NOX‐2 protein levels and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were significantly increased, whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were decreased in myocardium, aorta, and mesenteric artery of 2K1C rats, both vaccarin and captopril treatment counteracted these changes in renovascular hypertensive rats. Collectively, we concluded that vaccarin may be a novel complementary therapeutic medicine for the prevention and treatment of hypertension. The mechanisms for antihypertensive effects of vaccarin may be associated with inhibition of sympathetic activity, RAS, and oxidative stress. Abstract : Vaccarin and captopril had similar effects that blunted the sympathetic activity, thus contributing to decrease blood pressure and reverse the cardiovascular remodeling in 2K1C rats. The inhibitory effect of vaccarin on the angiotensin system activation may partially lead to attenuate hypertension and cardiovascular remodeling.