The Effects of Ex Vivo Administration of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor and Endotoxin on Cytokine Release of Whole Blood Are Determined by Priming Conditions. (14th December 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Nierhaus, A.; Linssen, J.; Winkler, M. S.; Frings, D. P.; Kluge, S.
• Other Names: Moraes Milton O. Academic Editor.
• Is Part Of: BioMed research international. Volume 2017(2017)
• Publication Date: 2017-12-14
• Subjects: Medicine -- Periodicals; Biology -- Periodicals; Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Life sciences -- Periodicals; 610.5
• DOI: 10.1155/2017/9834512
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2314-6133

Abstract

Abstract : Background . Lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα ) secretion in critically ill patients can be considered as a measure of immune responsiveness. It can be enhanced by granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). We investigated the effect of GM-CSF on ex vivo stimulated cytokine production using various preincubation regimens in healthy donors and patients with sepsis. Results . The maxima for the stimuli occurred 3 hours after stimulation. In donors, there was an increase ( p < 0.001 ) of LPS-induced TNFα levels following incubation with GM-CSF. The simultaneous incubation with GM-CSF and LPS caused an inhibition of TNFα production ( p < 0.001 ) . Postincubation with GM-CSF did not yield any difference. In patients, preincubation with GM-CSF yielded an enhanced ex vivo TNFα -response when TNFα levels were low. Patients with increased TNFα concentrations did not show a GM-CSF stimulation effect. The GM-CSF preincubation yielded an increase of IL-8 production in patients and donors. Conclusions . This study demonstrates the immune-modulating properties of GM-CSF depending on the absence or presence of LPS or systemic TNFα . The timing of GM-CSF administration may be relevant for the modulation of the immune system in sepsis. The lack of stimulation in patients with high TNFα may represent endotoxin tolerance.