Ceftolozane and tazobactam for the treatment of hospital acquired pneumonia. Issue 12 (1st December 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Martin-Loeches, Ignacio; Bisanti, Alessandra; Diaz, Emili; Rodriguez, Alejandro
• Is Part Of: Expert review of anti-infective therapy. Volume 18:Issue 12(2020)
• Page Start: 1177
• Page End: 1185
• Publication Date: 2020-12-01
• Subjects: P. aeruginosa -- VAP -- pneumonia -- sepsis -- VAT; Anti-infective agents -- Research -- Periodicals; 616.90461
• DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2020.1794816
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1478-7210

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Introduction: Patients admitted to hospitals are at risk of developing nosocomial infections. These types of infections typically occur in immune-compromised patients. Furthermore, nosocomial infections are frequently caused by resistant organisms, including nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Areas covered: P. aeruginosa is a hazardous pathogen. It can resist numerous antibiotics, due to several resistance mechanisms. It is associated with serious illnesses, particularly hospital-acquired infections including ventilator-associated pneumonia. In the past, only a limited number of anti-pseudomonal drugs were available. However, several therapeutic advancements have been made, in recent years, to target P. aeruginosa, including the development of the new cephalosporin: ceftolozane-tazobactam. Expert opinion: Ceftolozane-tazobactam is a combination of a novel semi-synthetic fifth-generation cephalosporin with a well-established beta-lactamase inhibitor. From a structural perspective, ceftolozane-tazobactam has attested increased stability to AmpC β-lactamases. Additionally, ceftolozane-tazobactam is less affected by changes in efflux pumps and porin permeability due to an enhanced affinity to certain penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). This enables the molecule to overcome the most common anti-drug resistant mechanisms of bacteria. According to previous clinical trials conducted, ceftolozane-tazobactam must be considered when treating patients with confirmed or suspected P. aeruginosa respiratory tract infections, either nosocomial pneumonia or ventilator-associated pneumonia.