Elucidation of Metal Local Environments in Single‐Atom Catalysts Based on Carbon Nitrides. Issue 33 (9th June 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Büchele, Simon; Yakimov, Alexander; Collins, Sean M.; Ruiz‐Ferrando, Andrea; Chen, Zupeng; Willinger, Elena; Kepaptsoglou, Demie M.; Ramasse, Quentin M.; Müller, Christoph R.; Safonova, Olga V.; López, Núria; Copéret, Christophe; Pérez‐Ramírez, Javier; Mitchell, Sharon
• Is Part Of: Small. Volume 18:Issue 33(2022)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2022-06-09
• Subjects: carbon nitrides -- characterization -- metal coordination sites -- metal speciation -- single‐atom catalysis; Nanotechnology -- Periodicals; Nanoparticles -- Periodicals; Microtechnology -- Periodicals; 620.5
• DOI: 10.1002/smll.202202080
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1613-6810

Abstract

Abstract: The ability to tailor the properties of metal centers in single‐atom heterogeneous catalysts depends on the availability of advanced approaches for characterization of their structure. Except for specific host materials with well‐defined metal adsorption sites, determining the local atomic environment remains a crucial challenge, often relying heavily on simulations. This article reports an advanced analysis of platinum atoms stabilized on poly(triazine imide), a nanocrystalline form of carbon nitride. The approach discriminates the distribution of surface coordination sites in the host, the evolution of metal coordination at different stages during the synthesis of the material, and the potential locations of metal atoms within the lattice. Consistent with density functional theory predictions, simultaneous high‐resolution imaging in high‐angle annular dark field and bright field modes experimentally confirms the preferred localization of platinum in‐plane in the corners of the triangular cavities. X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and dynamic nuclear polarization enhanced 15 N nuclear magnetic resonance (DNP‐NMR) spectroscopies coupled with density functional theory (DFT) simulations reveal that the predominant metal species comprise Pt(II) bound to three nitrogen atoms and one chlorine atom inside the coordination sites. The findings, which narrow the gap between experimental and theoretical elucidation, contribute to the improved structural understanding and provide a benchmark for exploring the speciation of single‐atom catalysts based on carbon nitrides. Abstract : This work analyzes the local environment of platinum centers in single‐atom catalysts based on poly(triazine imide) by atomic‐resolution imaging, X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and density functional theory. The experimental data corroborate theoretical predictions that metal atoms primarily localize in‐plane near the corners of the intrinsic scaffold cavities and expose the site diversity within the catalytic material.