Longitudinal Retinal Changes in MOGAD. Issue 3 (16th July 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Oertel, Frederike Cosima; Sotirchos, Elias S.; Zimmermann, Hanna G.; Motamedi, Seyedamirhosein; Specovius, Svenja; Asseyer, Eva Susanna; Chien, Claudia; Cook, Lawrence; Vasileiou, Eleni; Filippatou, Angeliki; Calabresi, Peter A.; Saidha, Shiv; Pandit, Lekha; D'Cunha, Anitha; Outteryck, Olivier; Zéphir, Hélène; Pittock, Sean; Flanagan, Eoin P.; Bhatti, M. Tariq; Rommer, Paulus S.; Bsteh, Gabriel; Zrzavy, Tobias; Kuempfel, Tania; Aktas, Orhan; Ringelstein, Marius; Albrecht, Philipp; Ayzenberg, Ilya; Pakeerathan, Thivya; Knier, Benjamin; Aly, Lilian; Asgari, Nasrin; Soelberg, Kerstin; Marignier, Romain; Tilikete, Caroline Froment; Cobo Calvo, Alvaro; Villoslada, Pablo; Sanchez‐Dalmau, Bernardo; Martinez‐Lapiscina, Elena H.; Llufriu, Sara; Green, Ari J.; Yeaman, Michael R.; Smith, Terry J.; Brandt, Alexander U.; Chen, John; Paul, Friedemann; Havla, Joachim;
• Other Names: Altintas Ayse investigator.; Ashtari Fereshte investigator.; Bichuetti Denis investigator.; de Castillo Ibis Soto investigator.; Andrade Mariana investigator.; Fontenelle investigator.; Huda Saif investigator.; Hyun Jae‐Won investigator.; Jacob Anu investigator.; Kafieh Rahele investigator.; Kim Ho Jin investigator.; Leocani Letizia investigator.; Mao‐Draayer Yang investigator.; Leite Marie Isabel investigator.; May Eugene F. investigator.; Palace Jaqueline investigator.; Lana Peixoto Marco Aurélio investigator.; Pisa Marco investigator.; Radaelli Marta investigator.; Rimler Zoe investigator.; Roca‐Fernandez Adriana investigator.; Senger Thomas investigator.; de Seze Jérôme investigator.; Siritho Sasitorn investigator.; Stiebel‐Kalish Hadas investigator.; Tanriverdi Uygur investigator.; Tavares Ivan Maynart investigator.; Tongco Caryl investigator.
• Is Part Of: Annals of neurology. Volume 92:Issue 3(2022)
• Page Start: 476
• Page End: 485
• Publication Date: 2022-07-16
• Subjects: Neurology -- Periodicals; Pediatric neurology -- Periodicals; Nervous system -- Surgery -- Periodicals; 616.8
• DOI: 10.1002/ana.26440
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0364-5134

Abstract

Abstract : Objective: Patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG‐IgG)‐associated disease (MOGAD) suffer from severe optic neuritis (ON) leading to retinal neuro‐axonal loss, which can be quantified by optical coherence tomography (OCT). We assessed whether ON‐independent retinal atrophy can be detected in MOGAD. Methods: Eighty patients with MOGAD and 139 healthy controls (HCs) were included. OCT data was acquired with (1) Spectralis spectral domain OCT (MOGAD: N = 66 and HCs: N = 103) and (2) Cirrus high‐definition OCT (MOGAD: N = 14 and HCs: N = 36). Macular combined ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) were quantified. Results: At baseline, GCIPL and pRNFL were lower in MOGAD eyes with a history of ON (MOGAD‐ON) compared with MOGAD eyes without a history of ON (MOGAD‐NON) and HCs ( p < 0.001). MOGAD‐NON eyes had lower GCIPL volume compared to HCs ( p < 0.001) in the Spectralis, but not in the Cirrus cohort. Longitudinally (follow‐up up to 3 years), MOGAD‐ON with ON within the last 6–12 months before baseline exhibited greater pRNFL thinning than MOGAD‐ON with an ON greater than 12 months ago ( p < 0.001). The overall MOGAD cohort did not exhibit faster GCIPL thinning compared with the HC cohort. Interpretation: Our study suggests the absence of attack‐independent retinal damage in patients with MOGAD. Yet, ongoing neuroaxonal damage or edema resolution seems to occur for up to 12 months after ON, which is longer than what has been reported with other ON forms. These findings support that the pathomechanisms underlying optic nerve involvement and the evolution of OCT retinal changes after ON is distinct in patients with MOGAD. ANN NEUROL 2022;92:476–485