Re-thinking functional food development through a holistic approach. (June 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Alongi, Marilisa; Anese, Monica
• Is Part Of: Journal of functional foods. Volume 81(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-06
• Subjects: Functional food -- Food design -- Sustainability -- Communication -- Multidisciplinary approach -- Iterative process; Functional foods -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; 613.2
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104466
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1756-4646

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: A holistic approach to functional food development was proposed as a cycle. The major steps (definition, design, evaluation, market delivery) were identified and reviewed. Filling the gap between technological and nutritional viewpoints requires process optimization. Target definition and consumer requirements should be merged by communication optimization. The cycle was framed in the current food system pointing out research needs and implications. Abstract: Although the interest towards functional food has dramatically increased, several factors jeopardize their effective development. A univocally recognized definition and a dedicated regulation for this emerging food category is lacking, and a gap exists between the technological and the nutritional viewpoints. Involved actors speak different languages, thus impinging the progression towards an integrated approach for functional food development. A holistic approach to rationalize functional food development was here proposed, i.e., the "Functional Food Development Cycle". First regulation and definitions were reviewed. The technological approaches for functional food design were then described, followed by the efficacy evaluation ones. Merging the technological and the evaluation viewpoints, by identifying the best compromise between quality and functionality, is pivotal to develop effective functional foods. Finally, delivering functional food on the market requires dedicated communication strategies. These in turn can provide information about consumer needs, thus representing an input for regulatory bodies to drive the development of functional food, feeding it within an iterative and virtuous holistic cycle.