A compound ginseng stem leaf saponins and aluminium adjuvant enhances the potency of inactivated Aeromonas salmonicida vaccine in turbot. Issue 128 (September 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sun, Fei; Zhou, Jie; Zhang, Yuanxing; Liu, Qin; Wang, Qiyao; Liu, Xiaohong
• Is Part Of: Fish & shellfish immunology. Issue 128(2022)
• Page Start: 60
• Page End: 66
• Publication Date: 2022-09
• Subjects: Adjuvant -- Inactivated vaccine -- Turbot -- GSLS -- Aeromonas salmonicida; Fishes -- Immunology -- Periodicals; Shellfish -- Immunology -- Periodicals; Poissons -- Immunologie -- Périodiques; Crustacés -- Immunologie -- Périodiques; 571.9617
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.07.027
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1050-4648

Abstract

Abstract: Furunculosis caused by Aeromonas salmonicida in turbot farming is increasingly leading to huge economic losses. In this study, an inactivated vaccine containing a compound adjuvant of ginseng stem leaf saponins and aluminum hydroxide gel (GSLS/Alum) was developed against A. salmonicida and evaluated on turbot. As a result, serum antibody titer in vaccinated group was significantly higher than that in control group and the relative percentage survival (RPS) was up to 75.7%. Comparatively, the RPS of groups that vaccinated with only inactivated vaccine and vaccine containing Alum adjuvant or an oil emulsion Montanide™ ISA 763A were 32.4%, 48.6% and 64.9%, respectively. Although the vaccine containing oil adjuvant elicited comparable IgM level as that containing the compound GSLS/Alum adjuvant, the latter had no obvious side effects. Moreover, the inactivated vaccine containing the compound adjuvant was more likely to induce a higher cellular immune response according to the expressions of some immune related genes. Most importantly, an excellent protection of the vaccine containing GSLS/Alum adjuvant was obtained when turbots were naturally infected under clinical condition. In summary, our study demonstrated that the formulation of GSLS and Alum is a potential compound adjuvant in turbot vaccine development. Highlights: Ginseng stem leaf saponins plus aluminium is effective and safe as vaccine adjuvants. The relative percentage survival of immunized turbot was up to 75.7%. Vaccine containing compound adjuvant protect turbots in clinical trial. The compound adjuvant was more likely to induce a higher cellular immune response.