Dexamethasone promotes mesenchymal stem cell apoptosis and inhibits osteogenesis by disrupting mitochondrial dynamics. Issue 2 (30th December 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ma, Liang; Feng, Xiaobo; Wang, Kun; Song, Yu; Luo, Rongjin; Yang, Cao
• Is Part Of: FEBS open bio. Volume 10:Issue 2(2020)
• Page Start: 211
• Page End: 220
• Publication Date: 2019-12-30
• Subjects: apoptosis -- dexamethasone -- mesenchymal stem cells -- mitochondria -- osteogenesis -- salvianolic acid B; Molecular biology -- Periodicals; Cytology -- Periodicals; Life sciences -- Periodicals; Biological Science Disciplines -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; Cell Biology -- Periodicals; Cytology; Life sciences; Molecular biology; Periodicals; 572.805
• DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12771
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2211-5463

Abstract

Abstract : Long‐term or heavy use of glucocorticoids can cause severe necrosis of the femoral head, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Recent studies have found that mitochondrial dynamics play an important role in femoral head necrosis. Here, we investigated the effect of dexamethasone on the mitochondrial function of mesenchymal stem cells. We observed that high concentrations of dexamethasone (10 −6 mol·L −1 ) decreased cell activity, promoted apoptosis, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species and disrupted mitochondrial dynamics. Furthermore, dexamethasone (10 −6 mol·L −1 ) inhibited osteogenesis of stem cells and promoted adipogenesis. These findings may facilitate greater understanding of the adverse effects of dexamethasone on the femoral head. Abstract : Long‐term or heavy use of glucocorticoids can cause severe necrosis of the femoral head, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Here, we found that high concentrations of dexamethasone can disrupt mitochondrial dynamics, which can cause increased mitochondrial division and decreased fusion, as well as enhanced osteogenesis and decreased adipogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells.