Targeting gut barrier dysfunction with phytotherapies: Effective strategy against chronic diseases. (November 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Dey, Priyankar
• Is Part Of: Pharmacological research. Volume 161(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-11
• Subjects: 3-Ms metabolism, microbiota, metabolome -- AhR aryl hydrocarbon receptor -- ALP alkaline phosphatase -- CD14 cluster of differentiation 14 -- CLDN claudin -- DEN diethylnitrosamine -- EGFR epithelial growth factor receptor -- ERK extracellular signal-regulated kinase -- FA fatty acids -- FXR farnesoid X receptor -- HF high fat -- HIF hypoxia inducible factor -- HSP heat shock protein -- IFN-γ interferon γ -- GLP glucagon-like peptide -- HCC hepatocellular carcinoma -- IL interleukin -- iNOS inducible nitric oxide synthase -- IRAK-4 interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 -- JAMA junctional adhesion molecule-A -- JNK Jun N-terminal kinase -- LBP lipopolysaccharide binding protein -- LITAF lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha factor -- LPS lipopolysaccharide -- MAPK mitogen activated protein kinase -- MCP-1 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 -- MD2 myeloid differentiation factor 2 -- MUC mucin -- MyD88 Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 -- NASH nonalcoholic steatohepatitis -- NFκB nuclear factor κB -- OCC occludin -- PAMPs pathogen-associated molecular patterns -- PRRs pattern recognition receptor -- SCFA short chain fatty acid -- sIgA secretory immunoglobulin A -- TEER Transepithelial electrical resistance -- TGR Takeda G protein-coupled receptor -- TH cell helper T cell -- TJ tight junction -- TJP tight junction protein -- TLR4 toll-like receptor 4 -- TNBSA 24, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid -- TNFSF tumor necrosis factor superfamily -- TNF-α tumor necrosis factor α -- TRIF TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β -- ZO zonula occluden; Curcumin (PubChem CID 969516) -- Berberine (PubChem CID 2353) -- Epigallocatechin gallate (PubChem CID 65064) -- Catechin (PubChem CID 9064) -- Quercetin (PubChem CID 5280343) -- Genistein (PubChem CID 5280961) -- Kaempferol (PubChem CID 5280863) -- Chlorogenic acid (PubChem CID 1794427) -- Proanthocyanidin (PubChem CID 108065) -- Puerarin (PubChem CID 5281807); Endotoxemia -- Gut barrier -- Leaky gut -- Microbiome -- Mucosal inflammation -- Phytochemical; Pharmacology -- Periodicals; Pharmacology -- Periodicals; Research -- Periodicals; Médicaments -- Recherche -- Périodiques; Pharmacologie -- Périodiques; 615.105
• DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105135
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1043-6618

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Abstract: The intestinal epithelial layer serves as a physical and functional barrier between the microbe-rich lumen and immunologically active submucosa; it prevents systemic translocation of microbial pyrogenic products (e.g. endotoxin) that elicits immune activation upon translocation to the systemic circulation. Loss of barrier function has been associated with chronic 'low-grade' systemic inflammation which underlies pathogenesis of numerous no-communicable chronic inflammatory disease. Thus, targeting gut barrier dysfunction is an effective strategy for the prevention and/or treatment of chronic disease. This review intends to emphasize on the beneficial effects of herbal formulations, phytochemicals and traditional phytomedicines in attenuating intestinal barrier dysfunction. It also aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of intestinal-level events leading to a 'leaky-gut' and systemic complications mediated by endotoxemia. Additionally, a variety of detectable markers and diagnostic criteria utilized to evaluate barrier improving capacities of experimental therapeutics has been discussed. Collectively, this review provides rationale for targeting gut barrier dysfunction by phytotherapies for treating chronic diseases that are associated with endotoxemia-induced systemic inflammation.