Co-metabolism of 4-bromophenol by Pseudomonas sp. EN-4 and toxicity evaluation of biotransformed samples. Issue 5 (October 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mahajan, Rohit; Sharma, Geetika; Koundal, Satish; Chadha, Pooja; Kumar, Sudhir; Saini, Harvinder Singh
• Is Part Of: Journal of environmental chemical engineering. Volume 10:Issue 5(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-10
• Subjects: Co-metabolism -- Bromophenols -- Pseudomonas sp. -- Phytotoxicity -- Micronucleus assay; Chemical engineering -- Environmental aspects -- Periodicals; Environmental engineering -- Periodicals; Chemical engineering -- Environmental aspects; Environmental engineering; Periodicals; 660.0286
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2022.108223
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2213-2929

Abstract

Abstract: Bromophenols, the building blocks of polybrominated flame retardants (PBFRs) constitute an important class of pollutants as they had been reported from different types of ecosystems across the earth. The improper disposal of PBFRs containing electronic waste (e-waste) and wastes from industrial units is of concern due to their recalcitrant nature and acute toxicity. In the current study Pseudomonas sp. EN-4 was able to metabolise 4-bromophenol (4-BP), a model representative of bromophenols in presence of phenol as a co-substrate. The isolate withstand the extreme pH (5.0–10.0) and salinity conditions (0.5–2% w/v) and maintain its degradation potential in presence of different metal ions prevalent at contaminated sites. The HPLC and MS analysis of biotransformed samples revealed the formation of catechol, which might get channelized to the central metabolic pathway by catechol 1, 2-dioxygenase mediated ortho-cleavage of the aromatic ring. Further, > 70 % transformation of 2-bromophenol (20 mg/L), 2, 4, 6-tribromophenol (20 mg/L) and 3, 3 ', 5, 5′-tetrabromobisphenol A (10 mg/L) indicates the metabolic versatility of strain EN-4. A significantly lower toxic potential of biologically treated samples on Vigna radiata and Channa punctatus validated the utility and efficacy of EN-4 cells. These findings lay the foundation for future studies in developing a site specific treatment system for bioremediation of waste generated by e-waste processing and other similar units. Graphical Abstract: ga1 Highlights: Co-metabolic approach for efficient biotransformation of 4-BP was conducted. 4-BP degradation by Psdeudomonas sp. EN-4 was significantly enhanced with phenol. Metabolic versatile EN-4, efficiently transform 2-BP, TBP and TBBPA. A metabolic pathway of 4-BP degradation was proposed. Significant lowering of phyto and genotoxicity in biotransformed samples of EN-4.