An Indonesian elderly with primary progressive aphasia and behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia: A case report and review article. (September 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Riswanto, Aditya Kusumo; Sihombing, Wendy Amelia; Haryono, Yudha
• Is Part Of: Annals of medicine and surgery. Volume 81(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-09
• Subjects: Abnormal behavior -- Dementia -- Frontotemporal -- Mental health; Surgery -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; General Surgery -- Periodicals; Education, Medical -- Periodicals; Periodicals; 617
• DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104545
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2049-0801

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) or Pick's disease, is the second most frequent cause of primary degenerative dementia in those between 55 and 65 years old. Case presentation: A 57-year-old Indonesian female reported family that six months until one year prior to the presentation of her first symptoms, the patient had problems with memory, particularly short-term memory loss, with the patient unable to remember the task she was doing on time. The electroencephalogram revealed slowing background cerebral activity and diffuse slowing activity, indicating encephalopathy diffuse moderate state. CSF showed no pleocytosis and no elevated CSF Protein, but we did not perform tau level. She underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) because of her aggression and impulsiveness. Brain MRI was notable for bilateral frontal and temporal atrophy. Incidentally, there was the leptomeningeal enhancement of the bilateral frontotemporal lobe. The patients were administered Haloperidol 0.5 mg orally twice daily, Donepezil 5 mg oral once daily, Aripiprazole 2.5 mg once daily, and Memantine 10 mg twice daily. The patient was discharged one week after admission and was started on antiviral therapy Acyclovir 800 mg 5 times a day for 14 days. The patient had shown more cooperative and less agitative. Discussion: We report that FTD aims to help improve effective management. Conclusion: Awareness of FTD needs to be increased even though this case is sporadic because it does not demand the possibility of this case occurring at a young age. Highlights: FTD is a rare case of dementia in the elderly. A FTD suspect assessed patients with a lack of judgment, erratic behavior, and unresponsiveness. FTD is often misdiagnosed as Alzheimer's disease.