Shifts in microbial community, pathogenicity‐related genes and antibiotic resistance genes during dairy manure piled up. Issue 4 (23rd March 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhang, Xu; Ma, Chenjie; Zhang, Wen; Li, Wu; Yu, Jialin; Xue, Di; Wu, Xiaoling; Deng, Guangcun
• Is Part Of: Microbial biotechnology. Volume 13:Issue 4(2020:Jul.)
• Page Start: 1039
• Page End: 1053
• Publication Date: 2020-03-23
• Subjects: Microbial biotechnology -- Periodicals; Biotechnology; Microbiology; 660.62
• DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13551
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1751-7915

Abstract

Summary: The uncomposted faeces of dairy cow are usually stacked on cow breeding farms, dried under natural conditions and then used as cow bedding material or they may be continuously piled up. However, no information is available to evaluate variations in the human and animal pathogen genes and antibiotic resistance during the accumulation of fresh faeces of dairy cow to manure. Here, we present the metagenomic analysis of fresh faeces and manure from a dairy farm in Ning Xia, showing a unique enrichment of human and animal pathogen genes and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in manure. We found that manure accumulation could significantly increase the diversity and abundance of the pathogenic constituents. Furthermore, pathogens from manure could spread to the plant environment and enphytotic pathogens could affect the yield and quality of crops during the use of manure as a fertilizer. Levels of virulence genes and ARGs increased with the enrichment of microbes and pathogens when faeces accumulated to manure. Accumulated manure was also the transfer station of ARGs to enrich the ARGs in the environment, indicating the ubiquitous presence of environmental antibiotic resistance genes. Our results demonstrate that manure accumulation and usage without effective manure management is an unreasonable approach that could enrich pathogenic microorganisms and ARGs in the environment. The manure metagenome structure allows us to appreciate the overall influence and interaction of animal waste on water, soil and other areas impacted by faecal accumulation and the factors that influence pathogen occurrence in products from dairy cows. Abstract : Manure accumulation could significantly increase the diversity and abundance of the microbial and pathogenic constituents in the tested manure. The diversity and abundance of microbial and pathogenic constituents were significantly higher in manure than in fresh faeces. Levels of virulence genes and ARGs increased with the enrichment of microbes and pathogens when faeces accumulated to manure. Manure accumulation and usage without effective manure management is an unreasonable approach that could enrich pathogenic microorganisms and ARGs in the environment.