Motion planing for an ensemble of Bloch equations towards the south pole with smooth bounded control. (November 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Maciel Neto, Ulisses Alves; da Silva, Paulo Sergio Pereira; Rouchon, Pierre
• Is Part Of: Automatica. Volume 145(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-11
• Subjects: Nonlinear systems -- Ensemble controllability -- Quantum systems -- Adiabatic control -- Lyapunov feedback stabilization -- Bloch equations -- Control of PDEs; Automatic control -- Periodicals; Automation -- Periodicals; 629.805
• DOI: 10.1016/j.automatica.2022.110529
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0005-1098

Abstract

Abstract: One considers the control problem of an ensemble of Bloch equations (non-interacting half-spins) in a static magnetic field B 0 . The state M ( t, ⋅ ) belongs to the Sobolev space H 1 ( ( ω ∗, ω ∗ ), S 2 ) where the parameter ω ∈ ( ω ∗, ω ∗ ) is the Larmor frequency. Previous works have constructed a Lyapunov based stabilizing feedback in a convenient H 1 -norm that assures local L ∞ -convergence of the initial state M 0 ( ω ) to the south pole, solving locally the approximate steering problem from M 0 towards the south pole. However, the corresponding control law contains a comb of periodic π -Rabi pulses (Dirac impulses), corresponding to strongly unbounded control. The present work proposes smooth uniformly bounded time-varying controls for this local steering problem, where the Rabi pulses are replaced by adiabatic following smooth pulses. Furthermore, simulations show that this new strategy produces faster convergence, even for initial conditions "relatively far" from the south pole.