Long-acting nanoparticulate DNase-1 for effective suppression of SARS-CoV-2-mediated neutrophil activities and cytokine storm. (January 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lee, Yun Young; Park, Hee Ho; Park, Wooram; Kim, Hyelim; Jang, Jong Geol; Hong, Kyung Soo; Lee, Jae-Young; Seo, Hee Seung; Na, Dong Hee; Kim, Tae-Hyung; Choy, Young Bin; Ahn, June Hong; Lee, Wonhwa; Park, Chun Gwon
• Is Part Of: Biomaterials. Volume 267(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-01
• Subjects: COVID-19 -- Sepsis -- DNase -- Nanoparticles -- NETosis; Biomedical materials -- Periodicals; Biocompatible Materials -- Periodicals; Biomatériaux -- Périodiques; 610.28
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120389
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0142-9612

Abstract

Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new strain of coronavirus not previously identified in humans. Globally, the number of confirmed cases and mortality rates of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have risen dramatically. Currently, there are no FDA-approved antiviral drugs and there is an urgency to develop treatment strategies that can effectively suppress SARS-CoV-2-mediated cytokine storms, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and sepsis. As symptoms progress in patients with SARS-CoV-2 sepsis, elevated amounts of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) are produced, which in turn induce multiple organ failure in these patients. Furthermore, plasma levels of DNase-1 are markedly reduced in SARS-CoV-2 sepsis patients. In this study, we generated recombinant DNase-1-coated polydopamine-poly(ethylene glycol) nanoparticulates (named long-acting DNase-1), and hypothesized that exogenous administration of long-acting DNase-1 may suppress SARS-CoV-2-mediated neutrophil activities and the cytokine storm. Our findings suggest that exogenously administered long-acting nanoparticulate DNase-1 can effectively reduce cfDNA levels and neutrophil activities and may be used as a potential therapeutic intervention for life-threatening SARS-CoV-2-mediated illnesses.