Long non-coding RNA H19: Physiological functions and involvements in central nervous system disorders. (September 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhong, Liyuan; Liu, Ping; Fan, Junfen; Luo, Yumin
• Is Part Of: Neurochemistry international. Volume 148(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-09
• Subjects: H19 -- lncRNA H19 -- Central nervous disorders -- Physiological functions; Neurochemistry -- Periodicals; Neurochemistry -- Periodicals; Neurochimie -- Périodiques; Neurochemistry; Periodicals; 612.804205
• DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105072
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0197-0186

Abstract

Abstract: Central nervous system (CNS) disorders are some of the most complex and challenging diseases because of the intricate structure and functions of the CNS. Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) H19, which had been mistaken for "transcription noise" previously, has now been found to be closely related to the development and homeostasis of the CNS. Several recent studies indicate that it plays an important role in the pathogenesis, treatment, and even prognosis of CNS disorders. LncRNA H19 is correlated with susceptibility to various CNS disorders such as intracranial aneurysms, ischemic stroke, glioma, and neuroblastoma. Moreover, it participates in the pathogenesis of CNS disorders by regulating transcription, translation, and signaling pathways, suggesting that it is a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for these disorders. This article reviews the functions and mechanisms of lncRNA H19 in various CNS disorders, including cerebral ischemia, cerebral hemorrhage, glioma, pituitary adenoma, neuroblastoma, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, traumatic spinal cord injury, neuropathic pain, and temporal lobe epilepsy, to provide a theoretical basis for further research on the role of lncRNA H19 in CNS disorders. Highlights: The lncRNA H19 plays a key role in many physiological and pathological processes. It regulates neurogenesis and differentiation of neural stem cells. It is a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for CNS disorders. It is also a likely therapeutic target for CNS disorders.