Impact of increasing standardized ileal digestible valine: lysine in diets containing 30% dried distiller grains with solubles on growing pig performance. (25th June 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Clizer, David A; Tostenson, Blair J; Tauer, Sam K; Samuel, Ryan S; Cline, Paul M
• Is Part Of: Journal of animal science. Volume 100:Number 9(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-06-25
• Subjects: branched-chain amino acids -- dried distiller grains with solubles -- growing pigs -- growth model -- valine; Livestock -- Periodicals; Livestock; Electronic journals; Periodicals; 636.005
• DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac228
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0021-8812

Abstract

Abstract: A total of 2, 430 pigs (DNA 600 × Topigs Norsvin 70, initially 39.4 kg) were used in a 28-d trial to determine the standardized ileal digestible (SID ) Val:Lys requirement for pigs fed with diets containing 30% DDGS. Treatments included five diets containing 30% DDGS with SID Val:Lys ratios of 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, and 80%, plus a corn soybean meal (SBM ) diet, for a total of six dietary treatments. Diets were formulated to be isocaloric through the inclusion of fat and to contain equal amounts of SID Lys within phase. Pens were assigned to dietary treatment in a randomized complete block design with initial body weight (BW ) as the random blocking factor. Each dietary treatment was replicated 15 times and pens contained 27 pigs, balanced for sex. Increasing the SID Val:Lys ratio in diets containing 30% DDGS increased (Quadratic; P ≤ 0.007) 14-d BW, final BW, average daily gain (ADG ), average daily feed intake (ADFI ), and gain:feed (G:F ) for all periods. Providing an SID Val:Lys ratio of 75% resulted in the heaviest 14-d BW and final BW as well as greater ADG and ADFI of pigs fed with 30% DDGS for all periods. The G:F response was maximized when an SID Val:Lys ratio of 70% was provided from day 0 to 14 while an SID Val:Lys ratio of 75% maximized G:F from day 14 to 28 and for the cumulative period. The SID Val:Lys requirement was estimated at 66.6% (95% CI [65.9, 67.4]), 65.7 (95% CI: [64.8, 66.5]), and 68.4% (95% CI [66.0, 70.8]) for ADG, ADFI, and G:F, respectively, using the straight broken line (SBL ) method and 69.9% (95% CI [68.2, 71.5]), 67.6 (95% CI [65.4, 69.8]), and 72.8% (95% CI [69.8, 75.8]) for the quadratic broken line (QBL ) method. Pigs fed the corn–SBM diet had heavier 14-d BW, final BW, and greater ADG, ADFI, G:F ( P ≤ 0.032) compared to pigs fed diets containing 30% DDGS, except for cumulative ADFI compared to pigs receiving 75% SID Val:Lys ( P = 0.167). In conclusion, these results suggest that when feeding 30% DDGS during the growing period, an SID Val:Lys ratio of 68% would yield more than 99% and 97% of the maximum ADG and G:F response for the 39 to 68 kg pigs. However, growth performance of pigs fed diets containing 30% DDGS did not equate to pigs consuming the corn–SBM diet regardless of the SID Val:Lys ratio. Abstract : The standardized ileal digestible valine to lysine requirement in 39 to 66 kg pigs fed with 30% DDGS is 68%. However, pigs fed with a standard corn soybean meal diet had a greater growth performance compared to diets containing 30% DDGS, regardless of valine level. Lay Summary: Understanding the nutrient requirements of pigs across various conditions is important to determine the most economical method of feeding pigs. When feeding pigs corn byproducts from the ethanol industry, such as dried distiller grains with solubles (DDGS ), the growth performance of pigs decreases. This is thought to be due to the composition of the dietary protein, more specifically the amino acid concentration of the diet. In the present study, one specific amino acid, valine, was incrementally increased in diets containing 30% DDGS. The growth performance of pigs increased when digestible valine increase until a ratio of 68% was reached between digestible valine and the amino acid lysine. These results indicate that the digestible valine requirement for pigs between 39 and 68 kg of body weight is 68% of the lysine requirement. However, when growth performance of pigs fed with 30% DDGS was compared to a standard corn soybean meal diet, pigs fed with the standard corn soybean meal diet had greater performance, regardless of digestible valine level. More research is required to understand why the addition of 30% DDGS in pig diets negatively impacts the growth performance relative to a standard corn soybean meal diet.