Association between intestinal microbiota and inflammatory bowel disease. Issue 4 (8th July 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhang, Yunchang; Si, Xuemeng; Yang, Ling; Wang, Hui; Sun, Ye; Liu, Ning
• Is Part Of: Animal models and experimental medicine. Volume 5:Issue 4(2022)
• Page Start: 311
• Page End: 322
• Publication Date: 2022-07-08
• Subjects: dysbiosis -- IBD model -- intestinal microbiota -- metabolites; Laboratory animals -- Periodicals; Diseases -- Animal models -- Periodicals; Animal models in research -- Periodicals; Veterinary medicine -- Periodicals; Laboratory Animal Science; Disease Models, Animal; Animals, Laboratory; Animal Welfare; Veterinary Medicine; Animal models in research; Diseases -- Animal models; Laboratory animals; Veterinary medicine; Periodicals; Fulltext; Internet Resources; Periodicals; Periodicals; 616.0273
• DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12255
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2576-2095

Abstract

Abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), has emerged as a global disease with high incidence, long duration, devastating clinical symptoms, and low curability (relapsing immune response and barrier function defects). Mounting studies have been performed to investigate its pathogenesis to provide an ever‐expanding arsenal of therapeutic options, while the precise etiology of IBD is not completely understood yet. Recent advances in high‐throughput sequencing methods and animal models have provided new insights into the association between intestinal microbiota and IBD. In general, dysbiosis characterized by an imbalanced microbiota has been widely recognized as a pathology of IBD. However, intestinal microbiota alterations represent the cause or result of IBD process remains unclear. Therefore, more evidences are needed to identify the precise role of intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of IBD. Herein, this review aims to outline the current knowledge of commonly used, chemically induced, and infectious mouse models, gut microbiota alteration and how it contributes to IBD, and dysregulated metabolite production links to IBD pathogenesis. Abstract : Various murine models of IBD have been developed, including the chemically induced dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) model, 2, 4, 6‐trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) model, and acetic acid model, and the Citrobacter rodentium ( C. rodentium ) model. Homeostasis regarding the commensal bacteria and the host can be easily disrupted by various exogenous stimuli, resulting in dysbiosis including changes of diversity, compositions, and metabolites, which lead over‐activated immune responses.