Antiviral nanopharmaceuticals: Engineered surface interactions and virus‐selective activity. (13th June 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kolanthai, Elayaraja; Neal, Craig J.; Kumar, Udit; Fu, Yifei; Seal, Sudipta
• Is Part Of: Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Volume 14:Number 5(2022)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2022-06-13
• Subjects: antiviral -- cerium oxide -- coronavirus -- COVID‐19 -- nanomaterials -- ROS -- silver nanoparticles -- virucidal; Nanomedicine -- Periodicals; Nanotechnology -- Periodicals; Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Ultrastructure (Biology) -- Periodicals; 610.28
• DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1823
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1939-5116

Abstract

Abstract: The COVID‐19 pandemic has inspired large research investments from the global scientific community in the study of viral properties and antiviral technologies (e.g., self‐cleaning surfaces, virucides, antiviral drugs, and vaccines). Emerging viruses are a constant threat due to the substantial variation in viral structures, limiting the potential for expanded broad‐spectrum antiviral agent development, and the complexity of targeting multiple and diverse viral species with unique characteristics involving their virulence. Multiple, more infectious variants of SARS‐CoV2 (e.g., Delta, Omicron) have already appeared, necessitating research into versatile, robust control strategies in response to the looming threat of future viruses. Nanotechnology and nanomaterials have played a vital role in addressing current viral threats, from mRNA‐based vaccines to nanoparticle‐based drugs and nanotechnology enhanced disinfection methods. Rapid progress in the field has prompted a review of the current literature primarily focused on nanotechnology‐based virucides and antivirals. In this review, a brief description of antiviral drugs is provided first as background with most of the discussion focused on key design considerations for high‐efficacy antiviral nanomaterials (e.g., nanopharmaceuticals) as determined from published studies as well as related modes of biological activity. Insights into potential future research directions are also provided with a section devoted specifically to the SARS‐CoV2 virus. This article is categorized under: Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomediciney > Toxicology of Nanomaterials Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Respiratory Disease Abstract : Design strategies for nanomaterials are informed by the diverse modes of viral infection. The physicochemical character of antiviral nanopharmaceuticals are engineered to inhibit specific steps in these processes.