Complement component 3 and its activation split‐products in saliva associate with periodontitis. Issue 9 (1st April 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Damgaard, Christian; Massarenti, Laura; Danielsen, Anne Katrine; Graversen, Jonas H.; Holmstrup, Palle; Nielsen, Claus H.; Palarasah, Yaseelan
• Is Part Of: Journal of periodontology. Volume 93:Issue 9(2022)
• Page Start: 1294
• Page End: 1301
• Publication Date: 2022-04-01
• Subjects: complement component 3 -- immunology -- inflammation and innate immunity -- pathogenesis -- periodontitis -- saliva; Periodontics -- Periodicals; 617.632
• DOI: 10.1002/JPER.21-0530
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-3492

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Periodontitis (PD) is classified by Grades A through C according to the risk of further progression, PD Grade C (PD‐C) being the most severe progressing form. It is a matter of controversy, whether the disease activity observed in PD‐C is due to impaired immune reactivity toward bacteria embedded in biofilms or a hyper‐reactive immune response causing tissue damage as a bystander phenomenon. Little is known about the role of complement in this respect. Methods: Plasma and unstimulated saliva samples were collected from patients with PD‐B (n = 34) or ‐C (n = 27) and healthy controls (HCs) (n = 28). Salivary and plasma levels of total C3, C3c, and C3dg were quantified using sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Salivary levels of total C3 and C3dg were elevated in PD‐B and PD‐C patients compared to HCs (both P < 0.05), while the levels of C3c were elevated in PD‐C compared to HCs. Plasma levels of C3c were higher in PD‐B patients than in HCs ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: PD‐B and PD‐C patients show increased complement activation compared to HCs, but no difference was found between the two disease grades. PD‐B, but not PD‐C, is associated with increased systemic complement activation as assessed by C3c in plasma.