Acute Toxicity of Major Geochemical Ions to Fathead Minnows (Pimephales promelas): Part B—Modeling Ion Toxicity. (3rd August 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Erickson, Russell J.; Mount, David R.; Highland, Terry L.; Hockett, J. Russell; Hoff, Dale J.; Jenson, Correne T.; Norberg‐King, Teresa J.; Forsman, Brandy
• Is Part Of: Environmental toxicology and chemistry. Volume 41:Number 9(2022)
• Page Start: 2095
• Page End: 2106
• Publication Date: 2022-08-03
• Subjects: Aquatic toxicology -- Major geochemical ions -- Pimephales promelas -- Fathead minnow -- Toxicity mechanisms -- Mixture toxicity -- Mathematical models; Pollution -- Environmental aspects -- Periodicals; Environmental chemistry -- Periodicals; 615.902
• DOI: 10.1002/etc.5389
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0730-7268

Abstract

Abstract: Mathematical models are presented for the acute median lethal concentrations of major geochemical ions (Na +, K +, Ca 2+, Mg 2+, Cl −, SO4 2−, HCO3 − /CO3 2− ) to fathead minnows ( Pimephales promelas ), based on an extensive series of experiments presented in a companion article. Toxicity relationships across different dilution waters, individual salts, and salt mixtures suggest six independent mechanisms of toxicity to consider in modeling efforts, including Mg/Ca‐specific toxicity, osmolarity‐related toxicity, SO4 ‐specific toxicity, K‐specific toxicity, effects of high pH/alkalinity, and a multiple ion‐related toxicity at low Ca distinct from the other mechanisms. Models are evaluated using chemical activity‐based exposure metrics pertinent to each mechanism, but concentration‐based alternative models that are simpler to apply are also addressed. These models are compared to those previously provided for Ceriodaphnia dubia, and various issues regarding their application to risk assessments are discussed. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2095–2106. © 2022 SETAC. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA. Abstract :