Trends in cardiometabolic risk factors in the Americas between 1980 and 2014: a pooled analysis of population-based surveys. Issue 1 (January 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Miranda, J Jaime; Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M; Ferreccio, Catterina; Hambleton, Ian R; Lotufo, Paulo A; Nieto-MartSínez, Ramfis; Zhou, Bin; Bentham, James; Bixby, Honor; Hajifathalian, Kaveh; Lu, Yuan; Taddei, Cristina; Abarca-Gómez, Leandra; Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin; Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A; Andrade, Dolores S; Assunção, Maria Cecília F; Barceló, Alberto; Barros, Aluisio JD; Barros, Mauro VG; Bastos, Joao Luiz D; Bata, Iqbal; Batista, Rosangela L; Benet, Mikhail; Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio; Bettiol, Heloísa; Bia, Daniel; Bloch, Katia V; Boggia, Jose G; Boissonnet, Carlos P; Brajkovich, Imperia; Brewster, Lizzy M; Cameron, Christine; Cândido, Ana Paula C; Cañete, Felicia; Cardoso, Viviane C; Carmuega, Esteban; Cesar, Juraci A; Chan, Queenie; Christofaro, Diego G; Clarke, Janine; Confortin, Susana C; Craig, Cora L; Cureau, Felipe V; Dias-da-Costa, Juvenal Soares; Diaz, Alejandro; Donoso, Silvana C; d'Orsi, Eleonora; Duarte de Oliveira, Paula; Dumith, Samuel C; Eldemire-Shearer, Denise; Elliott, Paul; Escobedo-de la Peña, Jorge; Ferguson, Trevor S; Fernandes, Romulo A; Ferrante, Daniel; Ferreccio, Catterina; Francis, Damian K; Fuchs, Flavio D; Fuchs, Sandra C; Gazzinelli, Andrea; Goltzman, David; Gonçalves, Helen; Goncalves Cordeiro da Silva, Bruna; Gonzalez, Angel R; Gonzalez-Chica, David A; González-Leon, Margot; González-Rivas, Juan P; González-Villalpando, Clicerio; González-Villalpando, María-Elena; Gorbea Bonet, Mariano; Gregor, Ronald D; Guerrero, Ramiro; Guimaraes, Andre L; Gulliford, Martin C; Gutierrez, Laura; Hambleton, Ian R; Hernandez Cadena, Leticia; Herrera, Victor M; Hopman, Wilma M; Horimoto, Andrea RVR; Hormiga, Claudia M; Horta, Bernardo L; Howitt, Christina; Irazola, Vilma E; James, Kenneth; Jimenez, Ramon O; Jiménez-Acosta, Santa Magaly; Joffres, Michel; Kolsteren, Patrick; Landrove, Orlando; Lazo-Porras, Maria; Lilly, Christa L; Lima-Costa, M Fernanada; Lopez, Tania; Lotufo, Paulo A; Machado-Coelho, George LL; Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides M; Makdisse, Marcia; Margozzini, Paula; Marques, Larissa Pruner; Martorell, Reynaldo; Mascarenhas, Luis; Matijasevich, Alicia; Mc Donald Posso, Anselmo J; McFarlane, Shelly R; McLean, Scott B; Menezes, Ana Maria B; Miquel, Juan Francisco; Miranda, J Jaime; Monroy-Valle, Michele; Monterrubio, Eric A; Monterubio Flores, Eric; Moreira, Leila B; Morejon, Alain; Morin, Suzanne N; Motta, Jorge; Neal, William A; Nervi, Flavio; Nieto-Martínez, Ramfis E; Noboa, Oscar A; Ochoa-Avilés, Angélica M; Olinto Anselmo, Maria Teresa; Oliveira, Isabel O; Ono, Lariane M; Ordunez, Pedro; Ortiz, Ana Paula C; Ortiz, Pedro J; Otero, Johanna A; Palloni, Alberto; Peixoto, Sergio Viana; Pereira, Alexandre C; Peres, Marco A; Pérez, Cynthia M; Pichardo, Rafael N; Rangel Reina, Daniel A; Rascon-Pacheco, Ramon A; Revilla, Luis; Ribeiro, Robespierre; Ritti-Dias, Raphael M; Rivera, Juan A; Robitaille, Cynthia; Rodríguez-Villamizar, Laura A; Rojas-Martinez, Rosalba; Roy, Joel GR; Rubinstein, Adolfo; Ruiz-Betancourt, Blanca Sandra; Salazar Martinez, Eduardo; Sánchez-Abanto, Jose; Santos, Ina S; Silva, Diego Augusto Santos; Sbaraini, Mariana; Scazufca, Marcia; Schaan, Beatriz D; Schargrodsky, Herman; Sequera, Victor; Servais, Jennifer; Silva, Antonio M; Soto-Rojas, Victoria E; Sparrenberger, Karen; Stein, Aryeh D; Suárez-Medina, Ramón; Szklo, Moyses; Tebar, William R; Tello, Tania; Tulloch-Reid, Marshall K; Ueda, Peter; Ugel, Eunice; Valdivia, Gonzalo; Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo; Verstraeten, Roosmarijn; Victora, Cesar G; Wanderley Jr, Rildo S; Wang, Ming-Dong; Wilks, Rainford J; Wong-McClure, Roy A; Younger-Coleman, Novie O; Zapata, Maria Elisa; Zocalo, Yanina; Zuñiga Cisneros, Julio; Danaei, Goodarz; Stevens, Gretchen A; Riley, Leanne M; Ezzati, Majid; Di Cesare, Mariachiara;
• Is Part Of: Lancet. Volume 8:Issue 1(2020)
• Page Start: e123
• Page End: e133
• Publication Date: 2020-01
• Subjects: World health -- Periodicals; 362.105
• DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30484-X
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2214-109X

Abstract

Summary: Background: Describing the prevalence and trends of cardiometabolic risk factors that are associated with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is crucial for monitoring progress, planning prevention, and providing evidence to support policy efforts. We aimed to analyse the transition in body-mass index (BMI), obesity, blood pressure, raised blood pressure, and diabetes in the Americas, between 1980 and 2014. Methods: We did a pooled analysis of population-based studies with data on anthropometric measurements, biomarkers for diabetes, and blood pressure from adults aged 18 years or older. A Bayesian model was used to estimate trends in BMI, raised blood pressure (systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg), and diabetes (fasting plasma glucose ≥7·0 mmol/L, history of diabetes, or diabetes treatment) from 1980 to 2014, in 37 countries and six subregions of the Americas. Findings: 389 population-based surveys from the Americas were available. Comparing prevalence estimates from 2014 with those of 1980, in the non-English speaking Caribbean subregion, the prevalence of obesity increased from 3·9% (95% CI 2·2–6·3) in 1980, to 18·6% (14·3–23·3) in 2014, in men; and from 12·2% (8·2–17·0) in 1980, to 30·5% (25·7–35·5) in 2014, in women. The English-speaking Caribbean subregion had the largest increase in the prevalence of diabetes, from 5·2% (2·1–10·4) in men and 6·4% (2·6–10·4) in women in 1980, to 11·1% (6·4–17·3) in men and 13·6% (8·2–21·0) in women in 2014). Conversely, the prevalence of raised blood pressure has decreased in all subregions; the largest decrease was found in North America from 27·6% (22·3–33·2) in men and 19·9% (15·8–24·4) in women in 1980, to 15·5% (11·1–20·9) in men and 10·7% (7·7–14·5) in women in 2014. Interpretation: Despite the generally high prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors across the Americas, estimates also showed a high level of heterogeneity in the transition between countries. The increasing prevalence of obesity and diabetes observed over time requires appropriate measures to deal with these public health challenges. Our results support a diversification of health interventions across subregions and countries. Funding: Wellcome Trust.