Fabrication of portable colorimetric sensor based on basic fuchsin for selective sensing of nitrite ions. Issue 5 (October 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Vellingiri, Kowsalya; Choudhary, Vaishali; Philip, Ligy
• Is Part Of: Journal of environmental chemical engineering. Volume 7:Issue 5(2019)
• Publication Date: 2019-10
• Subjects: 4-ATP, 4-aminothiophenol -- ATR, attenuated total reflectance -- Au, gold -- BF, basic fuchsin -- BF@W, basic fuchsin loaded on whatmann filter paper -- BF@W@N, basic fuchsin loaded on whatmann filter paper after nitrite detection -- CaCl2 calcium chloride -- CH3COONa sodium acetate -- CoCl2 cobaltous chloride -- Cu, copper -- DRS, diffuse reflectance spectrum -- ES, electrokinetic stacking -- FeCl3, ferric chloride -- FT-IR, fourier transform infrared -- GCE, glassy carbon electrode -- HCl, hydrochloric acid -- HR-SEM, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy -- IIT, Indian Insitute of T ndian institute of technology -- KNO3 potassium nitrate -- KNO2, potassium nitrite -- L, lake water -- LOD, limit of detection -- M, metro water -- MgCl2 magnesium chloride -- MnCl2 manganese chloride -- Na2CO3 sodium carbonate -- Na2SO4 sodium sulphate -- NaBr, sodium bromide -- NaNO2 sodium nitrite -- NaNO3 sodium nitrate -- NaOH sodium hydroxide -- NH4+ ammonium ion -- NiCl2 nickel chloride -- NO2− nitrite -- NO3−, Nitrate -- NPs Nanoparticles -- NR Neutral red -- Pt Platinum -- R Onsite RO treated water -- rGO reduced graphene oxide -- T, tap water -- W, whatmann filter paper -- WHO World Health Organization -- XRD X-ray diffraction -- ZnCl2 zinc chloride -- β-CD β-cyclodextrin; Nitrite -- Colorimetric sensor -- Basic fuchsin -- Diazotization reaction; Chemical engineering -- Environmental aspects -- Periodicals; Environmental engineering -- Periodicals; Chemical engineering -- Environmental aspects; Environmental engineering; Periodicals; 660.0286
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2019.103374
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2213-2929

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: The probe enabled naked-eye detection of NO2 − in the range of 0.005–9.2 mg L −1 . Primary mechanism of the sensing process was a diazotization reaction. Low-cost (0.01$/ strip) paper-based strips showed high selectivity for NO2 − . The strips retained the structural integrity after interaction with NO2 − . Recovery of NO2 − in real samples was found be satisfactory (>85%). Abstract: An economically feasible, readily accessible colorimetric probe based on basic fuchsin (BF) was developed to detect NO2 − in water and wastewater systems. The study is divided into two phases; liquid phase and solid phase (colorimetric strip). Initially, the parameter optimization was carried out in the liquid phase, followed by sensing via colorimetric strips. Naked eye-colorimetric detection of NO2 − in liquid phase was in the range of 0.92–9.2 mg L −1 whereas for strips detection range was observed as 0.005–9.2 mg L −1 . Proper diffusion of BF on the Whatmann filter paper (W) enhanced the sensitivity of colorimetric strip. The investigation also showed high selectivity towards NO2 − in the presence of several anions and cations. The colorimetric strips prior to and after interaction with NO2 − were characterized using FT-IR, Raman, UV-DRS, and XRD. Results confirmed that diazotization reaction between secondary amine portion of the BF and NO2 − was responsible for the specific color change (pink to colorless). The leaching test reported no leachable fraction from the coating, and this was accompanied by the use of Tween-80 as a surface coating agent. The solid colorimetric probe was showed potential selectivity towards NO2 − over several interfering ions. Furthermore, the applicability of the prepared strip for detecting NO2 − in real water samples indicated satisfactory performance. Cost analysis confirmed that the synthesized BF@W strip is a low-cost (0.01$/strip) and a portable colorimetric sensor for the detection of aqueous NO2 − .