A sustainable process for metal recycling from spent lithium-ion batteries using ammonium chloride. (September 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lv, Weiguang; Wang, Zhonghang; Cao, Hongbin; Zheng, Xiaohong; Jin, Wei; Zhang, Yi; Sun, Zhi
• Is Part Of: Waste management. Volume 79(2018)
• Page Start: 545
• Page End: 553
• Publication Date: 2018-09
• Subjects: Spent lithium ion batteries -- Valuable metals -- Sulphuric acid -- Ammonium chloride; Hazardous wastes -- Periodicals; Refuse and refuse disposal -- Periodicals; 363.728
• DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.08.027
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0956-053X

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: A sustainable process for recycling spent lithium-ion batteries was proposed. A stable (easy to transport and store) and cheap reductant was studied. Using ammonia chloride as reductant is a win-win solution. Abstract: In this paper, a sustainable process to recover valuable metals from spent lithium ion batteries (LIBs) in sulfuric acid using ammonium chloride as reductant was proposed and studied. Being easily reused, ammonium chloride is found to be efficient and posing minor environmental impacts during the overall process. By investigating the effects of a wide range of parameters, e.g., H2 SO4 concentration, NH4 Cl concentration, temperature, leaching time, and solid-to-liquid mass ratio, the leaching behaviour of Li, Ni, Co, and Mn was systematically investigated. And the leaching mechanism and kinetics were determined by mineralogically characterization of residues at various reaction times and by fitting using different kinetic models. With this research, it is possible to provide a win-win solution to improve the recycling effectiveness of spent LIBs by using waste salt that is easily reused as the reductant.