Boosting the performance of lithium batteries with solid-liquid hybrid electrolytes: Interfacial properties and effects of liquid electrolytes. (June 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wang, Changhong; Sun, Qian; Liu, Yulong; Zhao, Yang; Li, Xia; Lin, Xiaoting; Banis, Mohammad Norouzi; Li, Minsi; Li, Weihan; Adair, Keegan R.; Wang, Dawei; Liang, Jianneng; Li, Ruying; Zhang, Li; Yang, Rong; Lu, Shigang; Sun, Xueliang
• Is Part Of: Nano energy. Volume 48(2018)
• Page Start: 35
• Page End: 43
• Publication Date: 2018-06
• Subjects: Solid-liquid hybrid electrolyte -- Solid-liquid electrolyte interphase -- Lithium batteries; Nanoscience -- Periodicals; Nanotechnology -- Periodicals; Nanostructured materials -- Periodicals; Power resources -- Technological innovations -- Periodicals; Nanoscience; Nanostructured materials; Nanotechnology; Power resources -- Technological innovations; Periodicals; 621.042
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.03.020
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2211-2855

Abstract

Abstract: Solid-state lithium batteries have attracted significant attention recently due to their superior safety and energy density. Nevertheless, the large interfacial resistance has limited the development of SSLBs. To tackle this problem, a general strategy is to add liquid electrolytes (LE) at the interface to form a solid-liquid hybrid electrolyte. However, the effects and interfacial properties of LE in the solid-liquid hybrid electrolyte have not been well-understood. In this work, we quantitatively add LE at the interface to eliminate the large interfacial resistance and study its interfacial properties. As little as 2 µL of LE at the interface enables a hybrid LiFePO4 /LATP/Li battery to deliver a specific capacity of 125 mA h g −1 at 1 C and 98 mA h g −1 at 4 C. Excess LE has no further contribution to the electrochemical performance. Furthermore, the rigid SSE could suppress the formation of lithium dendrites, especially in the case with a high cathode loading (9.1 mg/cm 2 ), suggesting the feasibility of high energy density SSLBs using Li metal anodes. The interfacial analysis reveals that an interfacial solid-liquid electrolyte interphase (SLEI) was formed at the interface, preventing the reduction of LATP by Li metal, thus ensuring the long-term durability of LATP in LE. Graphical abstract: A lithium battery with a solid-liquid hybrid electrolyte is investigated. 2 µL of liquid electrolytes (LE) can completely eliminate the interfacial resistance. As a result, hybrid lithium batteries with a LiFePO4 cathode that delivers a specific capacity of 125 mA h g −1 at 1 C over 500 cycles and 98 mA h g −1 at 4 C. fx1 Highlights: A solid-liquid electrolyte interphase (SLEI) was formed on the LATP surface, preventing the reduction of LATP. The huge interface resistance is totally eliminated by adding 2µL liquid electrolytes by (LE), thus enabling hybrid lithium batteries with high performance. The hybrid lithium batteries with a configuration of of LiFePO4 /LATP/Li deliver a specific capactiy of 125 mAh g -1 at 1 C over 500 cycles and 98 mAh g -1 even at 4 C. Solid-state electrolytes (LATP) can suppress the lithium dendrite formation in hybrid lithium batteries.