Perinatally Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Adolescents and Young Adults Demonstrate Distinct BNT162b2 Messenger RNA Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine Immunogenicity . (23rd June 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Morrocchi, Elena; Pighi, Chiara; Pascucci, Giuseppe Rubens; Cotugno, Nicola; Medri, Chiara; Amodio, Donato; Colagrossi, Luna; Ruggiero, Alessandra; Manno, Emma Concetta; Casamento Tumeo, Chiara; Bernardi, Stefania; Smolen, Kinga K; Perno, Carlo Federico; Ozonoff, Al; Rossi, Paolo; Levy, Ofer; Palma, Paolo
• Is Part Of: Clinical infectious diseases. Volume 75(2022)Supplement 1
• Page Start: S51
• Page End: S60
• Publication Date: 2022-06-23
• Subjects: BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine -- SARS-CoV-2 antibody -- COVID-19 -- perinatally HIV-infected patients -- antigen-specific T cells; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; 616.905
• DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac408
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1058-4838

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Immunization of vulnerable populations with distinct immunity often results in suboptimal immunogenicity, durability, and efficacy. Methods: Safety and immunogenicity profiles of BNT162b2 messenger RNA coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine, among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), were evaluated in 28 perinatally HIV-infected patients under antiretroviral therapy (ART) and 65 healthy controls (HCs) with no previous history of COVID-19. Thus, we measured severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–specific humoral and CD4+ T cell responses. Samples were collected before vaccination (baseline, day [D] 0), at the second dose (D21), and at 4 weeks (D28) and 6 months (D180) after D0. Proteomic profiles at D0 and D28 were assessed with a multiplexed proximity extension assay (Olink) on plasma samples. Results: All HIV-infected patients mounted similar anti–SARS-CoV-2 humoral responses to those of HCs, albeit with lower titers of anti-trimeric S at D28 (P = .01). Only peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HIV-infected patients demonstrated at D28 an impaired ability to expand their specific (CD40L+) CD4+ T-cell populations. Similar humoral titers were maintained between the 2 groups at 6-months follow-up. We additionally correlated baseline protein levels to either humoral or cellular responses, identifying clusters of molecules involved in immune response regulation with inverse profiles between the 2 study groups. Conclusions: Responses of ART-treated HIV-infected patients, compared to those of HCs, were characterized by distinct features especially within the proteomic compartment, supporting their eligibility to an additional dose, similarly to the HC schedule. Abstract : In comparison to healthy individuals, perinatally HIV-infected patients with normal CD4 T-cell counts at the time of enrollment and with distinct baseline proteomic profiles mount and maintain specific immune responses upon BNT162b2 vaccination.