Alcohol-related mortality following the loss of a child: a register-based follow-up study from Norway. Issue 6 (28th June 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Christiansen, Solveig Glestad; Reneflot, Anne; Stene-Larsen, Kim; Hauge, Lars Johan
• Is Part Of: BMJ open. Volume 10:Issue 6(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-06-28
• Subjects: epidemiology -- substance misuse -- public health; Medicine -- Research -- Periodicals; 610.72
• DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038826
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2044-6055

Abstract

Abstract : Objectives: The death of one's child is one of the most stressful events a person can experience. Research has shown that bereaved parents have a higher mortality than non-bereaved parents. This increased mortality might partly be caused directly by long-term stress. However, changes in health behaviour such as an increase in alcohol consumption might also play a role. This study examines the association between losing a child and alcohol-related mortality. In addition to Cox regression models using data covering the entire Norwegian adult population, we employ sibling fixed-effect models in order to partly control for genes and childhood experiences that might be associated with both losing a child and alcohol-related mortality. Design: A follow-up study between 1986 and 2014 based on Norwegian register data. Setting: Norway. Participants: The entire Norwegian adult population. Primary outcome measure: Alcohol-related mortality. Results: An increased alcohol-related mortality was found among parents who had experienced the death of a child. The HR of alcohol-related mortality among those bereaved of a child was 1.59 (95% CI 1.48 to 1.71) compared with non-bereaved parents, for women 2.03 (95% CI 1.78 to 2.32) and for men 1.46 (95% CI 1.34 to 1.59). After including sibling fixed effects, the HR of alcohol-related mortality among parents who had lost a child was 1.30 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.64). Conclusions: This study provides evidence of an elevated alcohol-related mortality among parents who have lost a child compared with non-bereaved parents. Although strongly attenuated, there is still an association when adjusting for genetic predisposition for alcohol problems as well as childhood environment using sibling fixed-effect models.