Effects of blood parasite infections on spatiotemporal migration patterns and activity budgets in a long‐distance migratory passerine. Issue 2 (18th November 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Emmenegger, Tamara; Bensch, Staffan; Hahn, Steffen; Kishkinev, Dmitry; Procházka, Petr; Zehtindjiev, Pavel; Bauer, Silke
• Is Part Of: Ecology and evolution. Volume 11:Issue 2(2021)
• Page Start: 753
• Page End: 762
• Publication Date: 2020-11-18
• Subjects: activity -- biologging -- bird migration -- flight height -- great reed warbler -- Haemoproteus -- migration timing -- parasites -- Plasmodium -- resting; Ecology -- Periodicals; Evolution -- Periodicals; 577.05
• DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7030
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2045-7758

Abstract

Abstract: How blood parasite infections influence the migration of hosts remains a lively debated issue as past studies found negative, positive, or no response to infections. This particularly applies to small birds, for which monitoring of detailed migration behavior over a whole annual cycle has been technically unachievable so far. Here, we investigate how bird migration is influenced by parasite infections. To this end, we tracked great reed warblers ( Acrocephalus arundinaceus ) with multisensor loggers, characterized general migration patterns as well as detailed flight bout durations, resting times and flight heights, and related these to the genus and intensity of their avian haemosporidian infections. We found migration distances to be shorter and the onset of autumn migration to be delayed with increasing intensity of blood parasite infection, in particular for birds with Plasmodium and mixed‐genus infections. Additionally, the durations of migratory flight bout were prolonged for infected compared to uninfected birds. But since severely infected birds and particularly birds with mixed‐genus infections had shorter resting times, initial delays seemed to be compensated for and the timing in other periods of the annual cycle was not compromised by infection. Overall, our multisensor logger approach revealed that avian blood parasites have mostly subtle effects on migratory performance and that effects can occur in specific periods of the year only. Abstract : Using multisensor loggers and real‐time quantitative PCR, we found that infections with avian haemosporidian parasites have diverse, but relatively weak effects on the migration of great reed warblers. Our findings indicate that some parasite effects can be compensated and that avian hosts can cope with a broad range of chronic infection intensities. This implies that infected hosts maintain their migratory capacity and thus also their potential for spreading parasites on their cross‐continental journeys.