In Vitro Bioactivity of Methanolic Extracts from Amphipterygium adstringens (Schltdl.) Schiede ex Standl., Chenopodium ambrosioides L., Cirsium mexicanum DC., Eryngium carlinae F. Delaroche, and Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. Used in Traditional Medicine in Mexico. (28th February 2018) - Knauth, Peter
Abstract : Seven out of eight methanolic extracts from five plants native to Mexico were inactive against ten bacterial strains of clinical interest. The fruit extract of Chenopodium ambrosioides inhibited the bacteria Enterococcus faecalis (MIC = 4375 μ g/ml), Escherichia coli (MIC = 1094 μ g/ml), and Salmonella typhimurium (MIC = 137 μ g/ml). The fruit extract of C. ambrosioides was with CC50 = 45 μ g/ml most cytotoxic against the cell-line Caco-2, followed by the leaf extract from Pithecellobium dulce (CC50 = 126 μ g/ml); interestingly, leaves of C. ambrosioides (CC50 = 563 μ g/ml) and bark of P. dulce (CC50 = 347 μ g/ml) extracts were much less cytotoxic. We describe for the first time the cytotoxic effect from extracts of the aerial parts and the flowers of Cirsium mexicanum (CC50 = 323 μ g/ml and CC50 = 250 μ g/ml, resp.). Phytochemical analysis demonstrated for both extracts high tannin and saponin and low flavonoid content, while terpenoids were found in the flowers. For the first time we report a cytotoxicological study on an extract of Eryngium carlinae (CC50 = 356 μ g/ml) and likewise the bark extract from Amphipterygium adstringens (CC50 = 342 μ g/ml). In conclusion the fruit extract of C. ambrosioides is a potential candidate for further biological studies.