Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine: the last FDA-approved drug to treat HIV. Issue 8 (3rd August 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Taki, Elahe; Soleimani, Faezeh; Asadi, Arezoo; Ghahramanpour, Hossein; Namvar, Ali; Heidary, Mohsen
• Is Part Of: Expert review of anti-infective therapy. Volume 20:Issue 8(2022)
• Page Start: 1135
• Page End: 1147
• Publication Date: 2022-08-03
• Subjects: HIV -- Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine -- cabotegravir -- rilpivirine -- clinical trials -- review; Anti-infective agents -- Research -- Periodicals; 616.90461
• DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2022.2081153
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1478-7210

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Introduction: The development of long-acting (LA) drugs has changed the management of common medical conditions for human replication immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Cabenuva (cabotegravir/Rilpivirine) is the first LA antiretroviral injectable drug composed of nano-formulation of cabotegravir (CAB) and rilpivirine (RPV). Areas covered: In this review article, we aim to have a brief overview of results of major clinical trials that administrated Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine for patients considering the efficacy and safety profiles. Moreover, we discuss about CAB and RPV chemical structure, mechanism of action, ‎activity against drug-sensitive and -resistant HIV, and pharmacodynamics/pharmacokinetics properties. Expert opinion: Based on the results of the ATLAS and FLAIR trials, Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine regimen once-monthly has shown equal effectivity to oral combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in maintaining HIV-1 suppression in patients. Furthermore, ATLAS-2 M study revealed the non-inferiority of Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine regimen every 8 weeks compared to every 4 weeks. The injectable LA ART reduces the number of treatment intake as well as increases adherence, especially in patients with HIV-related stigma. Administration of extended-release agents probably minimize the risk of treatment-related toxicity and resistance related to sub-optimal adherence to oral ART, so Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine can be suggested as a suitable alternative for HIV infection control in current era.