Emotional facial expression recognition and depression in adolescent girls: Associations with clinical features. (April 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Porter-Vignola, Elyse; Booij, Linda; Bossé-Chartier, Gabrielle; Garel, Patricia; Herba, Catherine M.
• Is Part Of: Psychiatry research. Volume 298(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-04
• Subjects: Depression -- Adolescence -- Emotion recognition -- Facial expressions; EFER emotional facial expression recognition -- K-SADS-PL Schedule for affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children - Present and Lifetime version -- sD subthreshold depression -- MDE major depressive episode -- RT reaction time; Psychiatry -- Periodicals; Psychiatry -- periodicals; Psychiatrie -- Périodiques; 616.89
• DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113777
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0165-1781

Abstract

Highlights: Adolescents with depression were marginally faster than those in the comparison group to recognise sadness, although this trend disappeared once covarying for age and use of antidepressant medication. Within the depression group, severity of depression symptoms and borderline personality features were associated with poorer emotional facial expression recognition (EFER) performance. Discrepancies between group and within-group differences may explain some of the clinical heterogeneity observed in studies of EFER amongst adolescents with depression. Studying clinical features in relation to EFER in adolescents with depression allows for a more nuanced understanding of social difficulties that may be experienced in depression. Abstract: Studies have reported that emotional facial expression recognition (EFER) may be altered in individuals with depression. This study examined EFER in adolescent girls with and without depression and further examined associations between relevant clinical features of depression and EFER. Fifty adolescent girls aged 12 to 19 years old meeting criteria for depression or subthreshold levels of symptomatology and 55 adolescent girls with no psychiatric diagnosis completed EFER tasks. Reaction time and accuracy for recognising expressions at high and low intensities, and sensitivity in recognising happiness, sadness, anger and fear were assessed. Data were analysed using linear mixed models. Adolescents with depression were marginally faster than those in the comparison group to recognize sadness, although this trend disappeared once covarying for age and antidepressant use. Amongst adolescents with depression, clinical features were associated with poorer EFER performance. In contrast, anxiety symptoms were linked to better accuracy and heightened sensitivity towards happiness. A better understanding of EFER in adolescent girls with and without depression, and how clinical features might be associated with altered patterns of EFER could help to explain clinical heterogeneity observed in such studies of adolescents with depression. Knowledge of socio-cognitive alterations associated with depression will help to better develop and tailor interventions.