Exploring the management approaches of cytokines including viral infection and neuroinflammation for neurological disorders. (September 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mominur Rahman, Md.; Afsana Mim, Sadia; Afroza Alam Tumpa, Mst.; Taslim Sarker, Md.; Ahmed, Muniruddin; Alghamdi, Badrah S.; Hafeez, Abdul; Alexiou, Athanasios; Perveen, Asma; Md Ashraf, Ghulam
• Is Part Of: Cytokine. Volume 157(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-09
• Subjects: Cytokine -- Viral infection -- Neuroinflammation -- Neurological disorder -- Parkinson's disease; Cytokines -- Periodicals; 571.844
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155962
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1043-4666

Abstract

Highlights: Treating cytokine storm and amyloids, including stroke, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's condition, Multi-sclerosis (MS), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Persevering inflammatory reactions include microglia and astrocytes and may cause neurodegenerative disorders. The innate immune response is the first line of protection after people are infected. Controlling cytokine production and inflammatory response are considered treatment strategies for neurological diseases. Regarding the diagnosis, multidisciplinary intervention should be taken several times for management and treatments. Abstract: Considerable evidence supports that cytokines are important mediators of pathophysiologic processes within the central nervous system (CNS). Numerous studies have documented the increased production of various cytokines in the human CNS in various neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Deciphering cytokine actions in the intact CNS has important implications for our understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of these disorders. The purpose of this study is to discuss the recent research on treating cytokine storm and amyloids, including stroke, Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Huntington's condition, Multi-sclerosis (MS), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Neuroinflammation observed in neurological disorders has a pivotal role in exacerbating Aβ burden and tau hyperphosphorylation, suggesting that stimulating cytokines in response to an undesirable external response could be a checkpoint for treating neurological disorders. Furthermore, the pro-inflammatory cytokines help our immune system through a neuroprotective mechanism in clearing viral infection by recruiting mononuclear cells. This study reveals that cytokine applications may play a vital role in providing novel regulation and methods for the therapeutic approach to neurological disorders and the causes of the deregulation, which is responsible for neuroinflammation and viral infection. However, it needs to be further investigated to clarify better the mechanisms of cytokine release in response to various stimuli, which could be the central point for treating neurological disorders.