Fetuin as a potential serum biomarker to detect subclinical shedder of bovine paratuberculosis. (August 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Park, Hyun-Eui; Park, Jin-Sik; Park, Hong-Tae; Shin, Jeong-Ih; Kim, Kyu-Min; Park, Seo-Rin; Choi, Jeong-Gyu; Jung, Myunghwan; Kang, Hyung-Lyun; Baik, Seung-Chul; Lee, Woo-Kon; Yoo, Han Sang; Shin, Min-Kyoung
• Is Part Of: Microbial pathogenesis. Volume 169(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-08
• Subjects: Paratuberculosis -- Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis -- Biomarker -- Fetuin -- Cattle; Pathogenic microorganisms -- Periodicals; Pathology, Molecular -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- microbiology -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- parasitology -- Periodicals; Micro-organismes pathogènes -- Périodiques; Pathologie moléculaire -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.9041
• DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105675
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0882-4010

Abstract

Abstract: Paratuberculosis (PTB) is a chronic contagious granulomatous enteritis of wild and domestic ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). PTB causes considerable economic losses to the dairy industry through decreased milk production and premature culling. PTB-affected cattle undergo a subclinical stage without clinical signs and initiate fecal shedding of MAP into the environment. Current diagnostic tools have low sensitivity for the detection of subclinical PTB infection. Therefore, alternative diagnostic tools are required to improve the diagnostic sensitivity of subclinical PTB infection. In this study, we performed ELISA for three previously identified host biomarkers (fetuin, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, and apolipoprotein) and analyzed their diagnostic performance with conventional PTB diagnostic methods. We observed that serum fetuin levels were significantly lowered in the subclinical shedder and clinical shedder groups than in the healthy control group, indicating its potential utility as a diagnostic biomarker for bovine PTB. Also, fetuin showed an excellent discriminatory power with an AUC = 0.949, a sensitivity of 92.6%, and a specificity of 94.4% for the detection of subclinical MAP infection. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that fetuin could be used as a diagnostic biomarker for enhancing the diagnostic sensitivity for the detection of subclinical MAP infections that are difficult to detect based on current diagnostic methods. Highlights: Fetuin, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, and apolipoprotein were tested as biomarkers for MAP infection using clinical bovine sera. Serum fetuin levels were significantly lower in the subclinical and clinical shedder groups. This study provides validation results for fetuin as a diagnostic biomarker for bovine paratuberculosis.