The Central Role of the Gut Microbiota in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases. (18th September 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ferreira, Caroline Marcantonio; Vieira, Angélica Thomaz; Vinolo, Marco Aurelio Ramirez; Oliveira, Fernando A.; Curi, Rui; Martins, Flaviano dos Santos
• Other Names: Sánchez Borja Academic Editor.
• Is Part Of: Journal of immunology research. Volume 2014(2014)
• Publication Date: 2014-09-18
• Subjects: Immunology -- Periodicals; Immunology -- Research -- Periodicals; 616.07905
• DOI: 10.1155/2014/689492
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2314-8861

Abstract

Abstract : The commensal microbiota is in constant interaction with the immune system, teaching immune cells to respond to antigens. Studies in mice have demonstrated that manipulation of the intestinal microbiota alters host immune cell homeostasis. Additionally, metagenomic-sequencing analysis has revealed alterations in intestinal microbiota in patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, and obesity. Perturbations in the microbiota composition result in a deficient immune response and impaired tolerance to commensal microorganisms. Due to altered microbiota composition which is associated to some inflammatory diseases, several strategies, such as the administration of probiotics, diet, and antibiotic usage, have been utilized to prevent or ameliorate chronic inflammatory diseases. The purpose of this review is to present and discuss recent evidence showing that the gut microbiota controls immune system function and onset, development, and resolution of some common inflammatory diseases.