Male triploid oysters of Crassostrea gigas exhibit defects in mitosis and meiosis during early spermatogenesis. Issue 8 (21st June 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Maillard, Floriane; Elie, Nicolas; Villain‐Naud, Nadège; Lepoittevin, Mélanie; Martinez, Anne‐Sophie; Lelong, Christophe
• Is Part Of: FEBS open bio. Volume 12:Issue 8(2022)
• Page Start: 1438
• Page End: 1452
• Publication Date: 2022-06-21
• Subjects: Crassostrea gigas -- meiosis -- mitosis -- oysters -- spermatogenesis -- triploid; Molecular biology -- Periodicals; Cytology -- Periodicals; Life sciences -- Periodicals; Biological Science Disciplines -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; Cell Biology -- Periodicals; Cytology; Life sciences; Molecular biology; Periodicals; 572.805
• DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13356
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2211-5463

Abstract

Abstract : The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is a successive irregular hermaphrodite mollusk which has an annual breeding cycle. Oysters are naturally diploid organisms, but triploid oysters have been developed for use in shellfish aquaculture, with the aim of obtaining sterile animals with commercial value. However, studies have shown that some triploid oysters are partially able to undergo gametogenesis, with numerous proliferating cells closed to diploids (3n alpha) or a partial one with an accumulation of locked germ cells (3n beta). The aim of our study therefore was to understand the regulation of spermatogenesis in both groups of triploid oysters (alpha and beta) from the beginning of spermatogenesis, during mitosis and meiosis events. Our results demonstrate that the reduced spermatogenesis in triploids results from a deregulation of the development of the germinal lineage and the establishment of the gonadal tract led by a lower number of tubules. Morphological cellular investigation also revealed an abnormal condensation of germ cell nuclei and the presence of clear patches in the nucleoplasm of triploid cells, which were more pronounced in beta oysters. Furthermore, studies of molecular and cellular regulation showed a downregulation of mitotic spindle checkpoint in beta oysters, resulting in disturbance of chromosomal segregation, notably on spindle assembly checkpoint involved in the binding of microtubules to chromosomes. Taken together, our results suggest that the lower reproductive ability of triploid oysters may be due to cellular and molecular events such as impairment of spermatogenesis and disruptions of mitosis and meiosis, occurring early and at various stages of the gametogenetic cycle. Abstract : The aim of this study was to understand the molecular and cellular regulations that take place at certain checkpoints of the cell cycle, in mitosis and meiosis during early spermatogenesis, in both groups of triploid oysters (alpha and beta).