Motivating children's cooperation to conserve forests. Issue 4 (5th May 2022)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Motivating children's cooperation to conserve forests. Issue 4 (5th May 2022)
- Main Title:
- Motivating children's cooperation to conserve forests
- Authors:
- Bowie, Aleah
Zhou, Wen
Tan, Jingzhi
White, Philip
Stoinski, Tara
Su, Yanjie
Hare, Brian - Abstract:
- Abstract: Forests are essential common‐pool resources. Understanding children's and adolescents' motivations for conservation is critical to improving conservation education. In 2 experiments, we investigated 1086 school‐aged children and adolescents (6–16 years old) from the United States, China, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Testing participants in groups, we assessed their motivation for conservation based on collective‐risk common‐pool goods games in which they were threatened with losing their endowment unless the group donation exceeded a threshold needed to maintain the forest. Extrinsic motivations, rather than intrinsic, tended to lead to successful cooperation to maintain a forest. Certainty of losing individual payoffs significantly boosted successful cooperative conservation efforts across cultures (success rates were 90.63% and 74.19% in the 2 risk‐extrinsic conditions, and 43.75% in the control condition). In U.S. participants, 2 extrinsic incentives, priming discussions of the value of forests and delay of payoffs as punishment, also increased success of cooperative conservation (success rates were 97.22% and 76.92% in the 2 extrinsic‐incentive conditions, and 29.19% and 30.77% in the 2 control conditions). Conservation simulations, like those we used, may allow educators to encourage forest protection by leading groups to experience successful cooperation and the extrinsic incentives needed to motivate forest conservation. Abstract : Article ImpactAbstract: Forests are essential common‐pool resources. Understanding children's and adolescents' motivations for conservation is critical to improving conservation education. In 2 experiments, we investigated 1086 school‐aged children and adolescents (6–16 years old) from the United States, China, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Testing participants in groups, we assessed their motivation for conservation based on collective‐risk common‐pool goods games in which they were threatened with losing their endowment unless the group donation exceeded a threshold needed to maintain the forest. Extrinsic motivations, rather than intrinsic, tended to lead to successful cooperation to maintain a forest. Certainty of losing individual payoffs significantly boosted successful cooperative conservation efforts across cultures (success rates were 90.63% and 74.19% in the 2 risk‐extrinsic conditions, and 43.75% in the control condition). In U.S. participants, 2 extrinsic incentives, priming discussions of the value of forests and delay of payoffs as punishment, also increased success of cooperative conservation (success rates were 97.22% and 76.92% in the 2 extrinsic‐incentive conditions, and 29.19% and 30.77% in the 2 control conditions). Conservation simulations, like those we used, may allow educators to encourage forest protection by leading groups to experience successful cooperation and the extrinsic incentives needed to motivate forest conservation. Abstract : Article Impact Statement : Extrinsic motivation increases donations for forests among youth in the United States, China, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Resumen: Los bosques son recursos esenciales de la reserva común. Para mejorar la educación para la conservación, es muy importante entender qué motiva a los niños y adolescentes a conservar. Realizamos dos experimentos con 1086 niños y adolescentes en edad escolar (6‐16 años) de China, la República Democrática del Congo y los Estados Unidos. Para los experimentos, juntamos a los participantes en grupos y valoramos sus motivos para conservar con base en juegos de bienes comunes y riesgos colectivos, en los cuales se les amenaza con la pérdida de su dotación del bien a menos que la donación grupal exceda el umbral necesario para mantener al bosque. Las motivaciones extrínsecas, y no las intrínsecas, fueron las que más derivaron en una cooperación exitosa para mantener al bosque. La certidumbre de perder los pagos individuales aumentó significativamente los esfuerzos cooperativos de conservación en las tres naciones (las tasas de éxito fueron de 90.63% y 74.19% en las dos condiciones de riesgo extrínseco y de 43.75% en la condición de control). En los participantes de los Estados Unidos, dos incentivos extrínsecos (las discusiones prioritarias sobre el valor de los bosques y el rezago de los pagos como castigo) también incrementaron el éxito de la conservación cooperativa (las tasas de éxito fueron de 97.22% y 76.92% en las dos condiciones de incentivos extrínsecos y de 29.19% y 30.77% en las dos condiciones de control). Las simulaciones de conservación, como las que usamos, pueden permitirle a los educadores promover la protección de los bosques al llevar a los grupos a experimentar la cooperación exitosa y los incentivos extrínsecos necesarios para motivar la conservación de los bosques. 摘要: 森林是重要的公共资源。理解儿童和青少年参与保护的动机, 对于促进保护教育而言极为关键。在两个实验中, 我们测试了分别来自中国、刚果民主共和国和美国的1086名学龄儿童和青少年 (6‐16岁) 。为了测量被试参与保护的动机, 被试以小组为单位参与了存在集体风险的公共物品博弈任务。在这项任务中, 如果小组为保护森林捐献的总额没有达到一定阈值, 小组中的每个人都将承受失去财产的风险。结果表明, 外部而非内部动机能够促使被试成功地通过合作保护森林。在不同文化下, 失去个人财产的风险都能显著地促进被试以保护为目标成功合作 (两种风险条件下的合作成功率分别为 90.63% 和 74.19%; 无风险的控制条件下成功率为 43.75%) 。在美国被试群体中, 两种外部刺激——关于森林价值的启动性讨论和作为惩罚的延迟回报, 都能促进以保护为目标的合作 (两种外部刺激条件下成功率分别为 97.22% 和 76.92%; 两个无外部刺激的控制条件下成功率分别为 29.19% 和 30.77%) 。利用本研究中使用的模拟保护情境, 教育者将能够促使群体体验到激励保护所需的外部刺激, 从而鼓励森林保护。 … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- Conservation biology. Volume 36:Issue 4(2022)
- Journal:
- Conservation biology
- Issue:
- Volume 36:Issue 4(2022)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 36, Issue 4 (2022)
- Year:
- 2022
- Volume:
- 36
- Issue:
- 4
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2022-0036-0004-0000
- Page Start:
- n/a
- Page End:
- n/a
- Publication Date:
- 2022-05-05
- Subjects:
- common goods -- child development -- cooperation -- culture -- motivation -- bienes comunes -- cooperación -- cultura -- desarrollo infantil -- motivación -- 公共物品 -- 儿童发展 -- 合作 -- 文化 -- 动机
Conservation biology -- Periodicals
333.9516 - Journal URLs:
- http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1523-1739 ↗
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1111/cobi.13922 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 0888-8892
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
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- Available online (eLD content is only available in our Reading Rooms) ↗
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- British Library DSC - 3417.999000
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