High-Precision Coulometry Studies of the Impact of Temperature and Time on SEI Formation in Li-Ion Cells. Issue 7 (1st January 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ellis, L. D.; Allen, J. P.; Hill, I. G.; Dahn, J. R.
• Is Part Of: Journal of the Electrochemical Society. Volume 165:Issue 7(2018)
• Page Start: A1529
• Page End: A1536
• Publication Date: 2018-01-01
• Subjects: accelerated testing -- Solid electrolyte interface maturity -- Ultra high precision coulometry; Electrochemistry -- Periodicals; 541.3705
• DOI: 10.1149/2.1091807jes
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0013-4651

Abstract

Abstract : Electrolyte reacts at the surfaces of charging electrodes during the first cycle of a Li-ion cell (formation). This creates the initial solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs), which passivate the electrodes against further reactions with electrolyte. The quality of the SEIs improve over time as a cell matures. The coulombic efficiencies (CEs) of fresh cells (measured by high-precision coulometry, (HPC)) stabilize after a certain period of time (up to 600 hours), after which different cell chemistries can then be ranked for their quality. The purpose of this work is to accelerate the maturation of SEIs during the first cycle, allowing for stabilized CE measurements to be taken after less time. The effects of formation cycle temperature, voltage and duration on subsequent CE are explored. Undergoing formation at 60°C accelerates the maturity of cells. XPS analysis suggests that organic SEI species are replaced by inorganic SEI species as a cell matures. These results give insight into the mechanisms of cell maturity. Application of the formation protocol described in this work may decrease the time needed for HPC experiments.