Nitrogen Doped Heat-Treated and Activated Hydrothermal Carbon: Examination of Electrochemical Performance Using Step Potential Electrochemical Spectroscopy. Issue 11 (1st January 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Latham, Kenneth G.; Donne, Scott W.
• Is Part Of: Journal of the Electrochemical Society. Volume 165:Issue 11(2018)
• Page Start: A2840
• Page End: A2848
• Publication Date: 2018-01-01
• Subjects: hydrochar -- hydrothermal carbonization -- nitrogen doped carbon; Electrochemistry -- Periodicals; 541.3705
• DOI: 10.1149/2.0811811jes
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0013-4651

Abstract

Abstract : Step potential electrochemical spectroscopy (SPECS) has been applied to nitrogen-doped and non-doped hydrothermal carbons that have been activated or heat-treated at a range of temperatures. The highest surface area achieved was 422 m 2 .g −1 under heat-treatment at 600°C, and 2275 m 2 .g −1 using H3 PO4 chemical activation at 800°C. The heat-treated series reported a maximum capacitance of 84 F.g −1 at 10 mV.s −1, whereas the activated series had a maximum capacitance of 306 F.g −1 at 10 mV.s −1 . SPECS analysis revealed that pseudo-capacitance for the hydrothermal carbon doped with nitrogen was interlinked with the degree of oxygen functionality, and that decreasing the oxygen content of the surface increased the pseudo-capacitance contribution from nitrogen. Pseudo-capacitance also increased with activation from the incorporation of phosphate groups; however, the nitrogen-doped hydrothermal carbons displayed minimal double-layer capacitance (60.6 F.g −1 at 10 mV.s −1 ) despite having reasonable surface areas (1500–1600 m 2 .g −1 ).