Does Cue Focality Modulate Age-related Performance in Prospective Memory? An fMRI Investigation. Issue 1 (1st January 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Scalici, Francesco; Carlesimo, Giovanni Augusto; Santangelo, Valerio; Barban, Francesco; Macaluso, Emiliano; Caltagirone, Carlo; Costa, Alberto
• Is Part Of: Experimental aging research. Volume 47:Issue 1(2021)
• Page Start: 1
• Page End: 20
• Publication Date: 2021-01-01
• Subjects: Aging -- Periodicals; Aging -- Research -- Periodicals; Aging -- Periodicals; Research -- Periodicals; 612.67
• DOI: 10.1080/0361073X.2020.1839310
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0361-073X

Abstract

ABSTRACT: How prospective memory (PM) weakens with increasing age has been largely debated. We hypothesized that automatic and strategic PM processes, respectively mediated by focal and non-focal cues, are differently affected by aging, even starting from 50–60 years of age. We investigated this issue using a 2 × 2 design in which focal and non-focal experimental conditions were created by varying the conjoint nature of the ongoing task (lexical decision vs. syllable matching tasks) and the PM cue (words vs. syllables). In the whole-brain analysis we found that the left inferior frontal gyrus and the middle cingulate cortex were more activated when young compared to older individuals performed a PM task; moreover, the anterior cingulate cortex was selectively activated during non-focal PM when the cues were words. In a region-of-interest analysis we observed that the medial and the lateral portions of the rostral prefrontal cortex were associated with the focal and non-focal conditions respectively, more in young than in older adults. Our findings provide evidence in support of early age-related differences in automatic/strategic PM functioning.