A Hard X-Ray Pinhole Camera System for Fast Electron Bremsstrahlung Measurements in the HL-2A Tokamak. (2nd January 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhang, Y. P.; Mazon, D.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, P. F.; Malard, P.; Xu, H. B.; Zhou, J.; Peysson, Y.; Zou, X. L.; Yang, J. W.; Yuan, G. L.; Isobe, M.; Song, X. Y.; Li, X.; Liu, Yi; Shi, Z. B.; Xu, M.; Duan, X. R.; the HL-2A Team,
• Is Part Of: Fusion science and technology. Volume 77:Number 1(2021)
• Page Start: 1
• Page End: 8
• Publication Date: 2021-01-02
• Subjects: Pinhole camera -- hard X-ray diagnostics -- fast electrons -- lower hybrid current drive, tokamak; Fusion reactors -- Periodicals; Nuclear fusion -- Periodicals; Fusion reactors; Nuclear fusion; Periodicals; 621.48405
• DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2020.1829457
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1536-1055

Abstract

Abstract: A hard X-ray pinhole camera system has been recently built at the HL-2A tokamak to measure the evolution of space-time distribution of fast electrons in the energy range of 20 to 200 keV. The camera is mainly composed of a fan-shaped detector array, an observation window, a pinhole mechanism, and a data processing system. The detector array consists of 21 CdTe detectors that are arranged in a poloidal section. The camera views the plasma perpendicularly through an observation window mounted in a horizontal port on the equatorial plane. The data processing is implemented by a fast spectrometry based on field-programmable gate array technology. The time and space resolution of the camera can reach 2 to 16 ms and 2 cm, respectively. During the HL-2A experiment campaign in 2018, measurements of fast electrons produced by lower hybrid waves using the camera were successfully performed. The performance of the camera and the first experimental results with some discussions are presented in this paper.