Healthcare students support opt-out organ donation for practical and moral reasons. Issue 8 (8th June 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Qian, Long; Li, Miah T; King, Kristen L; Husain, Syed Ali; Cohen, David J; Mohan, Sumit
• Is Part Of: Journal of medical ethics. Volume 48:Issue 8(2022)
• Page Start: 522
• Page End: 529
• Publication Date: 2021-06-08
• Subjects: transplantation -- donation/procurement of organs/tissues -- public policy -- ethics; Medical ethics -- Periodicals; 174.2
• DOI: 10.1136/medethics-2020-107053
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0306-6800

Abstract

Abstract : Background and purpose: Changes to deceased organ donation policy in the USA, including opt-out and priority systems, have been proposed to increase registration and donation rates. To study attitudes towards such policies, we surveyed healthcare students to assess support for opt-out and priority systems and reasons for support or opposition. Methods: We investigated associations with supporting opt-out, including organ donation knowledge, altruism, trust in the healthcare system, prioritising autonomy and participants' evaluation of the moral severity of incorrectly assuming consent in opt-in systems ('opt-in error') or opt-out systems ('opt-out error'), by conducting an online survey among healthcare students at a large academic institution. Results: Of 523 respondents, 86% supported opt-out, including 53% who strongly supported the policy. The most popular reason for supporting opt-out was the potential for increased donation rates, followed by convenience for those not registered but willing to donate. The most popular reason for opposing opt-out was the belief that presuming consent is morally wrong. Those strongly supporting opt-out viewed the opt-in error as more morally unacceptable, and had higher knowledge and altruism scores. Those opposing opt-out viewed the opt-out error as more unacceptable, and had higher autonomy scores. 48% of respondents supported priority within opt-in systems; 31% supported priority in opt-out. Conclusions: There is strong support for opt-out organ donation among healthcare students, influenced by both practical and moral considerations.