Association of metabolic phenotypes, grip strength and diabetes risk: The 15-year follow-up of The North West Adelaide Health Study, Australia. Issue 6 (November 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Beleigoli, Alline M.; Appleton, Sarah L.; Gill, Tiffany K.; Hill, Catherine L.; Adams, Robert J.
• Is Part Of: Obesity research & clinical practice. Volume 14:Issue 6(2020)
• Page Start: 536
• Page End: 541
• Publication Date: 2020-11
• Subjects: Diabetes -- Obesity -- Metabolic phenotypes -- Grip strength -- Muscle strength; Obesity -- Research -- Periodicals; Obesity -- Treatment -- Periodicals; Obesity -- Periodicals; Obésité -- Recherche -- Périodiques; Obésité -- Traitement -- Périodiques; Obesity -- Research; Obesity -- Treatment; Electronic journals; Periodicals; 616.398
• DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2020.09.006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1871-403X

Abstract

Highlights: Studies using strict definitions to investigate the association between metabolic phenotypes (MP) and diabetes are scarce. Participants with obesity/healthy MP were not at increased diabetes risk compared to the ones with normal weight/healthy MP. Reduced grip strength was associated with a higher risk of diabetes incidence in the long-term. High grip strength attenuated the risk associated with metabolically unhealthy phenotypes. Abstract: Background: The association of diabetes risk in the long-term, metabolic phenotypes (MP) and muscle strength is unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between strictly defined MP, grip strength (GS) and diabetes. Material and methods: MP were defined according to BMI and presence of any individual metabolic abnormality for ≥18 years, in participants of the North West Adelaide Health Study (Australia) free of diabetes at baseline. The association of MP and dominant hand GS with incident diabetes over 15-years follow-up and the moderation effect of GS on the association between diabetes and MP were investigated by logistic regression models. Results: Of 3039 participants followed over 13.3 years (SD 2.6), 236 (7.8%) developed diabetes. Compared to the metabolically healthy (MH) normal weight phenotype, the metabolically unhealthy (MU) overweight (OR 6.15, 95%CI 2.43–15.59) and obese (OR 12.32, 95%CI 4.97–30.52) phenotypes were associated with a high risk of diabetes, but not the MU normal weight (OR 1.73, 95%CI 0.57–5.25), MH overweight (OR 1.15, 95%CI 0.31–4.31) or MH obese phenotypes (OR 0.77, 0.07–8.89). GS was inversely associated with diabetes (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95–0.99) and attenuated the risk associated with MU overweight (beta = −0.296, p = 0.039) and MU normal weight (beta = −0.773; p for interaction = 0.009). Conclusion: Strictly defined MP (rather than based on metabolic syndrome criteria) and GS, a proxy of muscle strength, might be useful for stratifying the risk of diabetes in the long-term. Improving muscle strength might be an important strategy to reduce diabetes risk.