Vitamin D deficiency and lung function decline in healthy individuals: A large longitudinal observation study. (June 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ahn, Kyung-Min; Kim, Sun-Sin; Lee, Suh-Young; Lee, So-Hee; Park, Heung-Woo
• Is Part Of: Respiratory medicine. Volume 182(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-06
• Subjects: Lung function -- FEV1 -- Serum -- Vitamin D -- Health screening; Chest -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Chest -- Diseases -- Great Britain -- Periodicals; Respiratory organs -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Respiratory Tract Diseases -- Periodicals; Appareil respiratoire -- Maladies -- Périodiques; Thorax -- Maladies -- Périodiques; Appareil respiratoire -- Maladies -- Traitement -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.2
• DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106395
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0954-6111

Abstract

Abstract: Aim: A reliable evidence from a comprehensive large-scale study supporting associations between serum vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) level (SVDL) and lung function decline (LFD) in healthy individuals has been unavailable. Using a well-established health screening database, we assessed the associations between SVDL and LFDs, measured as the forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and FEV1/FVC ratio. Methods: Serial SVDL and lung function data were analyzed using linear mixed models, which were performed in smokers and non-smokers, separately. Vitamin D-deficient individuals (VDDs) were defined when their SVDLs were consistently lower than 20 ng/mL at all measurements. Results: A total of 1371 individuals were analyzed. The mean FEV1 decline rates of VDDs and vitamin D-normal individuals (VDNs) in smokers were −33.35 mL/year (95% CI: 39.44 to −27.26 mL/year) and −15.61 mL/year (95% CI: 27.29 to −4.21 mL/year) respectively, over a mean of 6.29 years of observation with statistical significance ( P < 0.001). However, there was no significant differences observed between decline rates of FEV1 in non-smokers. Similarly, FVC decline rates of VDDs were significantly greater than those of VDNs only in smokers ( P < 0.001). However, FEV1/FVC ratio decline rates showed no significant difference between VDDs and VDNs regardless of their smoking status. Conclusions: Consistently low SVDLs predicted more rapid FEV1 and FVC declines in smokers. However, FEV1/FVC decline rate was not associated with SVDL. SVDL may be used to identify healthy smoking individuals at high risk for accelerated LFD. Highlights: Vitamin D-deficient individuals showed more rapid declines in FEV1 and FVC. FEV1/FVC decline did not differ between vitamin D-deficient and -normal individuals. These findings were observed only in smokers. Vitamin D deficiency may predict a rapid lung function decline in healthy smokers.