Bone response to eccentric versus concentric cycling in adolescents with obesity. Issue 6 (November 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Julian, Valérie; Thivel, David; Miguet, Maud; Brengues, Chloé; Pereira, Bruno; Courteix, Daniel; Richard, Ruddy; Duclos, Martine
• Is Part Of: Obesity research & clinical practice. Volume 14:Issue 6(2020)
• Page Start: 554
• Page End: 560
• Publication Date: 2020-11
• Subjects: Childhood obesity -- Bone mineral density -- Bone strength -- Eccentric training -- Concentric training; Obesity -- Research -- Periodicals; Obesity -- Treatment -- Periodicals; Obesity -- Periodicals; Obésité -- Recherche -- Périodiques; Obésité -- Traitement -- Périodiques; Obesity -- Research; Obesity -- Treatment; Electronic journals; Periodicals; 616.398
• DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2020.10.002
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1871-403X

Abstract

Highlights: ECC cycling, in association with well-balanced food intake, induces at least similar improvements on bone density and content compared with classical CON cycling, and prevents some alterations of bone resistance that are usually observed during classical WL in adolescents with obesity. While ECC training has been shown to induce greater adiposity reductions while favoring additional beneficial effects on muscle mass, strength and insulin-resistance compared with CON training, its effect on bone remained unknown. The present results will impact future prescriptions for adolescents with obesity. ECC training would facilitate body composition improvements while increasing bone density and maintaining bone resistance. Abstract: Objectives: Because adolescents with obesity are susceptible to bone fragility during weight loss (WL), we evaluated the impact of eccentric (ECC) versus classical concentric (CON) training at the same oxygen consumption ( V ˙ O 2 ) on bone density, geometry and strength. Methods: Thirty five adolescents were included into 2 training (CON and ECC cycling) and a control (CTR, without training) groups. Anthropometry, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, hip structural analysis and quantitative bone ultrasound were assessed before and after the 12-week intervention. Results: The trainings promoted significant improvements in body mass index, total fat (FM) and lean mass (LM), with better improvements for FM and LM in the ECC group (p < 0.05). Leg LM percentage increased only in the ECC group (p < 0.05). Total body bone mineral content and density increased in both training groups (p < 0.001) with significant time x group interactions only between ECC and CTR (p < 0.05). Buckling ratio at the intertrochanteric region and femoral shaft increased only in CTR and CON groups (p < 0.05). Speeds of sounds at the calcaneum increased only in ECC group (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Bone fragility, from a compromised relationship between density, geometry and strength, might be prevented with the ECC modality.